SCOPE: SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution – survey description and compact source catalogue

Abstract

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ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP) II. Survey overview: a first look at 1.3 mm continuum maps and molecular outflows

“…The low dust temperatures (∼ 14 K) of the Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) make them ideal targets for investigating the initial conditions of star formation (Planck Collaboration et al 2016). Through observations of ∼1000 Planck Galactic Cold Clumps in the JCMT large survey program "SCOPE: SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution" (PI: Tie Liu), we have cataloged nearly 3500 cold (T d ∼6-20 K) dense cores, most of which are either starless or in the earliest phase of star formation (Liu et al 2018;Eden et al 2019). This sample of "SCOPE" dense cores represents a real goldmine for investigations of the very early phases of star formation.…”

Sequential star formation in the filamentary structures of the Planck Galactic cold clump G181.84+0.31

“…The 850-μm continuum observations of G181 were carried out with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) 1 in 2015 September. This source was included in the SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution (SCOPE 2 ) large project, which aims to study the roles of filaments in dense core formation and to investigate dust properties and detect rare populations of dense clumps (Liu et al 2016a(Liu et al , 2018aEden et al 2019). The observations were conducted using the CV Daisy mode.…”

Submillimeter Continuum Variability in Planck Galactic Cold Clumps

“…Thus, complex substructures in the PGCCs can be resolved in the JCMT images which could not be resolved by Planck (e.g., see Figure 1). Liu et al (2018a) presents a detailed description of the survey, and Eden et al (2019) provides information of the first data release and the catalog of compact sources resolved with the JCMT.…”

“…The SCOPE sample was biased to high column density PGCCs of N H2 > 1 × 10 21 cm −2 (in Planck measurements), but also included randomly selected lower column density PGCCs (> 5 × 10 20 cm −2 in Planck measurements). For about 3/5 of the SCOPE sample, physical properties are given in Planck Collaboration et al (2016): (1) about 70% among them are concentrated within 1 kpc while the others are widely distributed at up to ∼ 8 kpc, with an average angular size of ∼ 8 ′ ; (2) the mass range is from 0.1 M ⊙ to 10 5 M ⊙ (see Figure 2 of Liu et al 2018a and Figure 1 of Eden et al 2019 for detailed distributions). Therefore, the SCOPE sample contains diverse clumps in different Galactic environments, from low-mass to high-mass star-forming regions at various distances from the Sun.…”