Scope of Hydrolysable Tannins as Possible Antimicrobial Agent

Abstract

Hydrolysable tannins (HTs) are secondary metabolites from plants, which are roughly classified into gallotannins and ellagitannins having gallic acid and ellagic acid residues respectively attached to the hydroxyl group of glucose by ester linkage. The presence of hexahydroxydiphenoyl and nonahydroxyterphenoyl moieties is considered to render antimicrobial property to HTs. HTs also show considerable synergy with antibiotics. Nevertheless, they have low pharmacokinetic property. The present review presents the scope of HTs as future antimicrobial agent. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins: occurrence, dietary intake and pharmacological effects

“…The most active tannins appear to be the most cytotoxic. Several studies have suggested that tannins may interfere with Herpes simplex virus absorption as well as the absorption of HIV and its cytopathic effects (Lipińska et al, ; Ekambaram et al, ). This mechanism seems to be related to the capacity of tannins to bind the viral envelope components.…”

“…This mechanism seems to be related to the capacity of tannins to bind the viral envelope components. Furthermore, ellagitannins and several proanthocyanidins have been demonstrated to be potent reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Ekambaram et al, ). One hydrolyzable tannin, ellagic acid, also shows specific antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) by inhibiting HBeAg secretion in HBV‐infected cells (Marín et al, ).…”

Effects of chestnut tannins on intestinal morphology, barrier function, pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression, microflora and antioxidant capacity in heat‐stressed broilers

“…Tannins are water‐soluble polyphenolic compounds arising from the metabolism of plants. Tannins have been reported to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory capacities (Ekambaram, Perumal, & Balakrishnan, ; Liu, Zhou, Tong, & Vaddella, ; Redondo, Chacana, Dominguez, & Fernandez‐Miyakawa, ). Previous studies found that dietary chestnut tannin (CT), the extracts from Castanea sativa rich in hydrolysable tannins, improved the performance of rabbits (Liu et al., ) and broilers under normal or high temperature conditions (Dong et al., ; Schiavone et al., ) and altered the basal metabolism of heat‐stressed broilers (Xiong et al., ).…”

Potentiated virucidal activity of pomegranate rind extract (PRE) and punicalagin against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) when co-administered with zinc (II) ions, and antiviral activity of PRE against HSV and aciclovir-resistant HSV

“…The juice, seed, peel and rind of the pomegranate contain a wide range of phytochemicals [2] and there has been a substantial amount of research conducted upon different pomegranate components and chemical extracts. The major concentration of phytochemicals is within the pericarp and these include tannins, anthocyanidins such as delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin, proanthocyananidins and various flavonoids, with significant antioxidant activity demonstrated in various in vitro models [3]; the antimicrobial effects of hydrolysable tannins was recently reviewed [4]. Antibacterial bioactivity of PRE has been observed using fractions extracted with acetone and methanol against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.…”