Scope marking as indirectwh-dependency

Reconsidering the Indirect Dependency Approach to Wh-Scope Marking

“…The IDA proposed by Dayal (1994) shares with the previous analyses the assumption that the wh-scope marker has a syntactic correlate. However, the correlate is not the true wh-word but the subordinate clause, CP 2 .…”

“…Thus, there is only an indirect dependency between the wh-scope marker and the true wh-word. This is shown in (2) with the structure assumed by Dayal (1994) Some other properties of (2) are characteristic of Dayal's IDA: CP 2 is headed by the interrogative complementizer C [+Q] . Hence, the movement of the true wh-word to the specifier of CP 2 is an instance of ordinary wh-movement.…”

“…This property distinguishes these analyses from the approach that will be discussed in this paper, the so-called indirect dependency approach (IDA). The IDA, proposed in its original form by Dayal (1994), overcomes the construction-specific assumptions of the former analyses and thereby greatly improves the understanding of the syntax and semantics of WSM questions. Since my analysis is a variant of the IDA, Dayal's original approach will be briefly sketched in the following subsection.…”

“…According to Dayal (1994), this connection is established essentially by standard semantic means. 3 Following the Hamblin/Karttunen approach to the semantics of questions (Hamblin 1973, Karttunen 1977, interrogative clauses are assumed to denote sets of propositions.…”

Partial Wh-Movement and Wh-Copying in Dutch: Evidence for an Indirect Dependency Approach

“…Here it is assumed that the scope marker is base generated in an argument position of the matrix clause, from which it may move to SpecCP, and that the scope marker is linked to the whole embedded clause, not just to the wh-phrase contained in it. Dayal (1994Dayal ( , 2000, who was the first to propose an analysis along these lines, assumes the scope marker in the matrix clause questions over propositions, and that the complement clause functions as its restriction. This is accomplished by coindexation of the scope marker and the embedded clause.…”