Scoliosis and Trunk Muscles

Spinal Decompensation in Neuromuscular Disease

“…In previous studies, no significant correlation has been found between muscle asymmetry and the scoliotic curve pattern in different types of neuromuscular disorders. 5,9,15,17 The controversy about the role of muscles in the origin of scoliosis has been debated extensively. 4,5,9,13,17,28 -31 Although C-type curves are reported to predominate in neuromuscular scoliosis, we showed that they occur only in a minority of cases (14%).…”

“…These curve patterns and their apical levels are similar to what is seen in the most prevalent types of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ( Figure 2). 5,28,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] Although a multitude of factors theoretically may determine curve direction, none has ever been considered conclusive. Side of dislocated hip or asymmetric muscle weakness for instance, has been shown not to bear a direct relationship to curve convexity.…”

Early Detection of Progressive Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

“…Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a complex pathology with local and spinal three dimensional (3D) deformities [1,2]. Early detection of progression risk is essential to establish the treatment strategy [3,4], but it remains challenging. Numerous studies in genetics, biology, neurosciences and biomechanics have investigated the initiation and progression of AIS [5,6].…”

“…Numerous studies in genetics, biology, neurosciences and biomechanics have investigated the initiation and progression of AIS [5,6]. Progression risk assessment is mainly based on the follow-up, particularly during the growth peak, when a rapid progression can occur [3,4]. Predictive factors include gender, skeletal maturity, potential of remaining skeletal growth, curve location and magnitude, apical axial rotation [7][8][9].…”

“…Progression risk assessment is mainly based on the follow-up, particularly during the growth peak, when a rapid progression can occur [3,4]. Predictive factors include gender, skeletal maturity, potential of remaining skeletal growth, curve location and magnitude, apical axial rotation [7][8][9]. However, no definite criteria exist for reliable prediction of curve progression risk at an early stage [10][11][12][13][14].…”