Sclerotic Lesions of the Jaw: A Pictorial Review

Abstract

Sclerotic lesions of the jaw are uncommon but may be clinically relevant. In this pictorial review, the most common sclerotic lesions are discussed. Three categories of lesions are distinguished; odontogenic sclerotic lesions, non-odontogenic sclerotic lesions, and mixed lytic-sclerotic lesions. In each group, non-neoplastic conditions are discussed first, followed by benign and malignant neoplasms. For each disease a brief overview is given, including histological features, epidemiology, symptoms, typical location, imaging features, and treatment. This review emphasizes which basic observations are essential to the evaluation of sclerotic jaw lesions and what elements have to be taken into account to create a proper differential diagnosis.

Volumetric Assessment of Idiopathic Osteosclerosis in Jawbones Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

“…The present study like some earlier studies showed no difference between the incidence of IO in females and males (27,28) (1,17,21,22). In this regard, our article is unique.…”

“…Studies that were done on the panoramic images didn't provide the possibility to check these cases in detail. About 30% of the masses, as demonstrated by Miloglu et al, and 40.6% of the masses, as demonstrated by Farhadi et al, had irregular shapes (14,22). In 2017, Azizi et al reported that 43.4% of IOs had an irregular shape (32).…”

“…Frequently, they are smaller than 2cm and may not reach the signi cant size to cause jaw expansion (21). Radiographically, computed tomography images (CT) show a high-attenuation sclerotic lesion with a somewhat spiculated margin (22). This study aimed to assess the prevalence, position, number, volume, and shape of IO, and its effects on teeth and cortical structures.…”