Scleral ossicles: angiogenic scaffolds, a novel biomaterial for regenerative medicine applications

Checchi, Marta; Bertacchini, Jessika; Cavani, Francesco; Magarò, Maria Sara; Bonetti, Luca Reggiani; Pugliese, Geltrude Rita; Tamma, Roberto; Ribatti, Doménico; Maurel, Daniel; Palumbo, Carla

doi:10.1039/c9bm01234f

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Furthermore, refinement of the technique using the CAM assay may lead to lower numbers of mammals being used, even if the CAM assay is, still, not a total replacement method. 74 The ability to non-invasively exploit the vasculature of the developing CAM to provide an ex vivo biological environment is advantageous compared with invasive surgical methods, for example, the subcutaneous implantation model in rodents, as anaesthesia and surgery are unnecessary in the CAM assay.…”

Section: Regulation Of Cam Use and The Application Of Replacement Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of scleral ossicles, in this case from chickens, was used as a naturally decellularised scaffold on the CAM and shown to induce an angiogenic response, likely due to the bone releasing growth factors. 74 More recently, PCL scaffolds cultured with murine osteoblast/osteoclast-like cells and subsequently decellularised by freeze/thawing and DNase application, increased angiogenesis and displayed enhanced blood vessel penetration. 69 Commercially available bone substitute (Bio-Gen) with hyaluronic acid resulted in osteoblastic differentiation of chorion cells, validated with immunohistochemistry, with a concurrent angiogenic response.…”

Section: The Creation Of Extracellular Matrix and Evaluation On The Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolving applications of the egg: chorioallantoic membrane assay andex vivoorganotypic culture of materials for bone tissue engineering

2020

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The chick chorioallantoic membrane model has been around for over a century, applied in angiogenic, oncology, dental and xenograft research. Despite its often perceived archaic, redolent history, the chorioallantoic membrane assay offers new and exciting opportunities for material and growth factor evaluation in bone tissue engineering. Currently, superior/improved experimental methodology for the chorioallantoic membrane assay are difficult to identify, given an absence of scientific consensus in defining experimental approaches, including timing of inoculation with materials and the analysis of results. In addition, critically, regulatory and welfare issues impact upon experimental designs. Given such disparate points, this review details recent research using the ex vivo chorioallantoic membrane assay and the ex vivo organotypic culture to advance the field of bone tissue engineering, and highlights potential areas of improvement for their application based on recent developments within our group and the tissue engineering field.

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Section: Regulation Of Cam Use and The Application Of Replacement Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Creation Of Extracellular Matrix and Evaluation On The Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving applications of the egg: chorioallantoic membrane assay andex vivoorganotypic culture of materials for bone tissue engineering

2020

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“…As it is well known, the bone remodeling that renovates the structure of skeletal segments for life is triggered by viable osteocytes [44][45][46] and is due to the coupled activity (both in spatial and temporal correlation) of osteoclasts and osteoblasts: initially, bone is eroded by osteoclasts and, on the same eroded surfaces, osteoblasts subsequently lay down new bone. With regard to osteocyte viability, it is very interesting to point out that in various papers [47,48], the histologic analyses on the cutting surfaces with piezoelectric devices showed the presence of live osteocytes with a normal size and morphology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezosurgery versus Reciprocating Saw: Qualitative Comparison of the Morphology of Cutting Surfaces in Ex Vivo Human Bone

Anesi,

Negrello,

Checchi

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study was to morphologically evaluate the differences in the cutting surfaces of bone segments obtained by reciprocating saw (RS) and two piezosurgical devices (Piezosurgery Medical—PM—and Piezosurgery Plus—PP) in ex vivo human fibulae. The ultimate goal was to identify the presence of debris, scratches, and microcracks on the cutting surface that might affect bone healing, a key aspect in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Ten patients who underwent a microsurgical reconstruction of the mandible with a free fibula flap were enrolled. The fibula segments usually discarded after surgery were cut using RS, PM, and PP, obtaining transverse sections to analyze under an environmental scanning electron microscope to perform a histomorphological qualitative evaluation. Bone surfaces cut with the RS presented several scratches, and haversian canals were frequently filled with bone debris/chips. On the contrary, PM and PP devices produced smoother and sharper cutting surfaces, with lower production of bone debris/chips, preventing vascular spaces’ closure. Microcracks were found in both PM and PP cut specimens, and they could be associated with the triggering of bone remodeling, thus improving the formation of new bone, while their presence was rarely observable in RS cut samples. The use of piezosurgical devices showed superior performance, providing cleaner and smoother cutting surfaces that favor vascularization and bone remodeling; altogether, these processes could lead to accelerated bone healing, a fundamental goal in all surgical procedures that involve bone cutting.

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“…The vascularized environment of the CAM of avian species offers the possibility to study a variety of molecules and materials; in particular, a CAM assay can be used to test pro/anti-angiogenic potential, to perform cancer studies, to test molecules and materials [ 66 , 67 ], to verify transplant reactions, and to test some drug effects.…”

Section: The Application Of Cam Up To Nowmentioning

confidence: 99%

CAM Model: Intriguing Natural Bioreactor for Sustainable Research and Reliable/Versatile Testing

Palumbo,

Sisi,

Checchi

2023

Biology

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We are witnessing the revival of the CAM model, which has already used been in the past by several researchers studying angiogenesis and anti-cancer drugs and now offers a refined model to fill, in the translational meaning, the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies. It can be used for a wide range of purposes, from testing cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, tumorigenesis, and invasion to the action mechanisms of molecules and validation of new materials from tissue engineering research. The CAM model is easy to use, with a fast outcome, and makes experimental research more sustainable since it allows us to replace, reduce, and refine pre-clinical experimentation (“3Rs” rules). This review aims to highlight some unique potential that the CAM-assay presents; in particular, the authors intend to use the CAM model in the future to verify, in a microenvironment comparable to in vivo conditions, albeit simplified, the angiogenic ability of functionalized 3D constructs to be used in regenerative medicine strategies in the recovery of skeletal injuries of critical size (CSD) that do not repair spontaneously. For this purpose, organotypic cultures will be planned on several CAMs set up in temporal sequences, and a sort of organ model for assessing CSD will be utilized in the CAM bioreactor rather than in vivo.

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Scleral ossicles: angiogenic scaffolds, a novel biomaterial for regenerative medicine applications

Abstract: We tested a peculiar biomaterial, the scleral ossicle, for the induction of the angiogenic response, in vivo biocompatibility by subcutaneous implantation in the rat model and finally, we found some putative proteins involved in its angiogenic properties.

Cited by 7 publications

References 121 publications

Evolving applications of the egg: chorioallantoic membrane assay andex vivoorganotypic culture of materials for bone tissue engineering

Evolving applications of the egg: chorioallantoic membrane assay andex vivoorganotypic culture of materials for bone tissue engineering

Piezosurgery versus Reciprocating Saw: Qualitative Comparison of the Morphology of Cutting Surfaces in Ex Vivo Human Bone

CAM Model: Intriguing Natural Bioreactor for Sustainable Research and Reliable/Versatile Testing

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