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Wei, Hua; Du, Mao‐Hua; Stand, Luis; Zhao, Zhao; Shi, Hongliang; Zhuravleva, Mariya; Melcher, Charles L.

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.5.024008

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…the quantity of water contained in continuous liquid films and those contained in disconnected isolated pockets. Such information will not just contribute to our comprehension of evaporation dynamics but it will help improve applications in soil additive design [22,23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of water distribution in a two-phase zone during gravity-dominated evaporation

et al. 2017

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We characterize the water repartition within the partially saturated (two-phase) zone (PSZ) during evaporation out of mixed wettable porous media by controlling the wettability of glass beads, their sizes, and as well the surrounding relative humidity. Here, Capillary numbers are low and under these conditions, the percolating front is stabilized by gravity. Using experimental and numerical analyses, we find that the PSZ saturation decreases with the Bond number, where packing of smaller particles have higher saturation values than packing made of larger particles. Results also reveal that the extent (height) of the PSZ, as well as water saturation in the PSZ, both increase with wettability. We also numerically calculate the saturation exclusively contained in connected liquid films and results show that values are less than the expected PSZ saturation. These results strongly reflect that the two-phase zone is not solely made up of connected capillary networks, but also made of disconnected water clusters or pockets. Moreover, we also find that global saturation (PSZ + full wet zone) decreases with wettability, confirming that greater quantity of water is lost via evaporation with increasing hydrophilicity. These results show that connected liquid films are favored in more hydrophilic systems while disconnected water pockets are favored in less hydrophilic systems.PACS numbers: 64.70.fm, 47.56.+r, 47.55.nb Evaporation from porous media such as soil involves complex mechanisms that enable water flow across liquidair interfaces in the pores. These liquid networks control the rigidity of porous materials [1], as well as the total amount of water that plants can extract from the soil [2,3]. Evaporation affects energy balance and involves phase changes and fluid displacement [4] at pore scales thereby providing different levels of challenges when predicting evaporation using theoretical models [5]. The challenges are due to the different mechanisms involved at the pore scale level, such as pore impregnation and drying [6], liquid flows due to pore size distributions [5,7] and flows due to local gradients of temperature [8]. Because of this inherent complexity, several models and experimental approaches have been established to analyze evaporation, such as pore-network models [9,10] and silica spheres sandwiched between glass slides [4].Experimental studies on evaporation have been commonly performed in two-dimensions (2D) for simplicity and reproducibility [11,12]. The morphology of the front and the dynamics of the liquid films during evaporation are affected by a competition between viscous, capillary, and gravity forces [11][12][13]. Some studies have probed the effect of reduced gravity conditions on front dynamics and the fluid displacement patterns by using parabolic flight experiments [14] or tilting the sample cell at an angle relative to the direction of gravity [12]. Notable studies have also focused on the drying front [13] and the fractal formation that accompanies it [11,15,16]. Most evaporation exper...

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confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of water distribution in a two-phase zone during gravity-dominated evaporation

et al. 2017

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“…Further, our energy scale is larger than the typical binding energies of polarons or excitons in 0D halides (<1.6 eV). [11,24,64,71,77,78] To reveal the nature of the blue emission, we also measured the power-dependent PL. As shown in Figure S14, Supporting Information, the PL intensity of each three components shows no sign of saturation at high excitation power, indicating that the emission does not originate from permanent defects.…”

Section: Wwwadvopticalmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Luminescent and Multifunctional Zero‐Dimensional Cesium Lanthanide Chloride (Cs₃LnCl₆) Colloidal Nanocrystals

Lee

Hong

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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all-inorganic ternary perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are widely studied for their promising characteristics as semiconducting materials for optoelectronic applications owing to their high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (PLQYs) and narrow emission bandwidths. [3] The optical properties of perovskite NCs can be tuned by tailoring their sizes, compositions, and confined dimensions. [4][5][6][7] In addition to size confinement on the nanoscale, the dimensionality of ternary metal halides can be defined based on the arrangement of the [BX 6 ] octahedral units in the crystal structure. [8,9] Lattice distortion occurs within the metal halide structure depending on the size of the elements or the coordination number of the A cations. This induces either a two-or 1D arrangement, wherein the [BX 6 ] octahedra are linked in two directions or one direction, respectively, or complete isolation of the octahedral units (0D). [10][11][12] Among these, 0D materials have recently attracted considerable attention because their unique optical and electronic properties are distinct from those of 3D metal halide perovskite structures. [13] Specifically, 0D metal halide materials have electronically separated polyhedra or clusters resulting in a large bandgap, low conductivity, and low mobility. [8,14,15] In addition, these materials show enhanced radiative recombination owing to the self-trapping of excitons [16,17] or defects [18,19] in the spatially isolated octahedrons and broadband PL properties attributed to strong exciton-phonon coupling.Several studies have synthesized 0D metal halide structures with isolated metal halide octahedral building blocks, and their intrinsic properties have been investigated by tailoring the composition. For example, 0D Cs 4 PbBr 6 perovskites have been extensively studied because of their unique optical properties such as high PLQY, as well as high thermal, chemical, and photostabilities; however, the origin of the green emission of Cs 4 PbBr 6 is still under debate. [20][21][22][23] Lead-free 0D metal halides have also been reported, containing either main group elements, such as tin, [24,25] bismuth, [26] indium, [27] and antimony, [28] or transition metals, such as copper, [29] manganese, [30] and zinc. [31] These metal halides can be utilized as Herein, the synthesis of novel, highly luminescent, and nearly monodisperse zero-dimensional (0D) cesium lanthanide chloride (Cs 3 LnCl 6 ; Ln = Y, Ce, Gd, Er, Tm, Yb) colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) is reported for the first time. The Cs 3 LnCl 6 NCs are synthesized using a heating-up method and exhibit highly uniform size and shape. The monoclinic-phase Cs 3 LnCl 6 NCs contain completely isolated [LnCl 6 ] 3− octahedral units, resulting in 0D ternary metal halide structures. Therefore, these NCs exhibit deep-blue photoluminescence under ultraviolet excitation, and this photoluminescence can be tuned by changing the lanthanide cations within the [LnCl 6 ] 3− octahedral units. High photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 60% and 90% are observed for...

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“…Some of these double perovskite elpasolite compounds are expected to apply to Pb-free solar cells [199][200][201], and the energy gaps have been reported [187,199]. Application of the double perovskite elpasolites are also be expected for thermal neutron scintillator materials [202][203][204]. Other types of double perovskite compounds such as vacancy-ordered double perovskites and 2-dimensional double perovskites have also been reported, which will be described as low-dimensional perovskites in the next section.…”

Section: Elemental Substituted Perovskites and Double Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Crystal structures of perovskite halide compounds used for solar cells

Oku

2020

Reviews on Advanced Materials Science

103

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AbstractThe crystal structures of various types of perovskite halide compounds were summarized and described. Atomic arrangements of these perovskite compounds can be investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Based on the structural models of basic perovskite halides, X-ray and electron diffractions were calculated and discussed to compare with the experimental data. Other halides such as elemental substituted or cation ordered double perovskite compounds were also described. In addition to the ordinary 3-dimensional perovskites, low dimensional perovskites with 2-, 1-, or 0-dimensionalities were summarized. The structural stabilities of the perovskite halides could be investigated computing the tolerance and octahedral factors, which can be useful for the guideline of elemental substitution to improve the structures and properties, and several low toxic halides were proposed. For the device conformation, highly crystalline-orientated grains and dendritic structures can be formed and affected the photo-voltaic properties. The actual crystal structures of perovskite halides in the thin film configuration were studied by Rietveld analysis optimizing the atomic coordinates and occupancies with low residual factors. These results are useful for structure analysis of perovskite halide crystals, which are expected to be next-generation solar cell materials.

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Scintillation Properties and Electronic Structures of the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Mixed ElpasolitesCs2NaRBr3I3

Cited by 25 publications

References 66 publications

Experimental investigation of water distribution in a two-phase zone during gravity-dominated evaporation

Experimental investigation of water distribution in a two-phase zone during gravity-dominated evaporation

Highly Luminescent and Multifunctional Zero‐Dimensional Cesium Lanthanide Chloride (Cs₃LnCl₆) Colloidal Nanocrystals

Crystal structures of perovskite halide compounds used for solar cells

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Scintillation Properties and Electronic Structures of the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Mixed ElpasolitesCs2NaRBr3I3

Cited by 25 publications

References 66 publications

Experimental investigation of water distribution in a two-phase zone during gravity-dominated evaporation

Experimental investigation of water distribution in a two-phase zone during gravity-dominated evaporation

Highly Luminescent and Multifunctional Zero‐Dimensional Cesium Lanthanide Chloride (Cs3LnCl6) Colloidal Nanocrystals

Crystal structures of perovskite halide compounds used for solar cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Highly Luminescent and Multifunctional Zero‐Dimensional Cesium Lanthanide Chloride (Cs₃LnCl₆) Colloidal Nanocrystals