Scintillating Organic–Inorganic Layered Perovskite-type Compounds and the Gamma-ray Detection Capabilities

Abstract

We investigated scintillation properties of organic–inorganic layered perovskite-type compounds under gamma-ray and X-ray irradiation. A crystal of the hybrid compounds with phenethyl amine (17 × 23 × 4 mm) was successfully fabricated by the poor-solvent diffusion method. The bulk sample showed superior scintillation properties with notably high light yield (14,000 photons per MeV) under gamma-rays and very fast decay time (11 ns). The light yield was about 1.4 time higher than that of common inorganic material (GSO:Ce) confirmed under 137Cs and 57Co gamma-rays. In fact, the scintillation light yield was the highest among the organic–inorganic hybrid scintillators. Moreover, it is suggested that the light yield of the crystal was proportional with the gamma-ray energy across 122–662 keV. In addition, the scintillation from the crystal had a lifetime of 11 ns which was much faster than that of GSO:Ce (48 ns) under X-ray irradiation. These results suggest that organic–inorganic layered perovskite-type compounds are promising scintillator for gamma-ray detection.

Rapid Synthesis of Quantum-Sized Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals in Glass

“…2. The pattern of the single-crystal sample is in good agreement with the results previously reported by Kawano 6 . The sample crystallised in the triclinic structure in the P1 space group with lattice constants of a = 1.165 nm, b = 1.166 nm, c = 1.759 nm, α = 105.6°, β = 99.4°, and γ = 90.0°.…”

“…Generally, Ce-doped inorganic scintillators have high light yields (~15,000-25,0000 photons/MeV for YAP:Ce) with a broadband emission spectrum due to the d-f transition of Ce 3+ ions but they have long decay times (more than 40 ns) 5 . OI crystals can also emit light with a high yield (~14,000 photons/ MeV for (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 PbBr 4 (Phe)) with short nanosecond lifetimes by excitonic processes 6 . Therefore, Phe crystals are promising materials for increasing the response time of scintillation detectors.…”

“…Layered OI crystals of (RNH 3 ) 2 PbX 4 (R: hydrocarbon group, X: halogen) contain multiple quantum well structures with alternating organic-inorganic layers. The inorganic layers of the quantum well consist of corner-sharing PbX 6 2− octahedra that are sandwiched between organic barrier layers. Such a two-dimensional (2D) system has four times greater exciton binding energy compared to a corresponding three-dimensional (3D) system 8 .…”

“…After the DMF evaporated, OIiG was obtained. For comparison, single-crystal and polycrystalline samples were prepared using a solvent diffusion method and a poor-solvent diffusion method, respectively 6 . We propose that this very fast method for synthesising OIiG can effectively produce a large-area hybrid of OI quantum dots and inorganic glass with optical transmittance.…”

Controlled Cooling for Synthesis of Cs2AgBiBr6 Single Crystals and Its Application for X‐Ray Detection

“…Here, the high conversion efficiency of the fabricated detector is helpful for achieving high contrast to improve the imagining quality, which has been pursued in traditional scintillator and direct X‐ray detectors for many years . Recent reports about lead halide perovskite scintillators have also demonstrated high light yield …”