Scintigraphie des cervicalen Lymphsystems

Schwab, Wilfried; Scheer, K. E.

doi:10.1007/bf02104204

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Setting it too low results in an unnecessary remelting of material, which effectively slows down the process, increases the amount of energy required to fabricate the part and thus, renders the process less economic. [10] An overly large hatch distance results in an insufficient bonding between subsequent scan tracks and consequently, in poor mechanical properties. This distance corresponds with the size of the melt pool, which itself depends on multiple parameters.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A dedicated study on iron based raw materials can be found here. [188] [189][190][191] dedicated study to this topic [192] Ti6Al4V >99 99.98 [45,61,76,103,104,169,[193][194][195][196] dedicated studies to this topic [192,197] Ti6Al7Nb 99.95 [198] Ti45Al2Cr5Nb 92.25 [199] Ti24Nb4Zr8Sn >99 [200] Ti45Nb 99.5 [201] Ti-5553 99.95 [10] Ti-50 wt% Ta 99.7 [202] Ti-0.5..1.5 at% Re >99.3 [203] Ti reinforced with 15 wt% TiC 98 [204] a) common relates to consistent results found in multiple publications. [63,103,169] dedicated study to this topic [197] CoCrMo (60-32-8) 99.1 [138] Co212-F; CoCrMo (Bal-28.5-6) >99 [163] Wirobond Cþ (dental); CoCrMoW (61.5-26-6-5) >99.5 [205] MoguCera C (dental); CoCrMoMn (65-28-5-1) >99.7 [110] EOS high carbon CoCr MP1 (%64Co-25Cr-5Mo-5W) >99.9 [51] a) common relates to consistent results found in multiple publications.…”

Section: Relative Density In [%]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of averaged tensile properties for titanium based raw materials; all results refer to samples in the non-heat treated condition; see details to the nomenclature in Table 1. [246]/ [202] Ti6Al4V 1029-1157 1208-1292 5.3-6.7 Φ ¼ 0 , 90 [193]/ [141] 131.5 1039-1065 1166-1246 5.2-8.4 [61,202] 102-107 962-1137 1166-1206 1.7-2 Φ ¼ 0 , 90 ; PT ¼ 500 C [195] 110 AE 5 990 AE 5 1095 AE 10 8.1 AE 0.3 [196] 770-800 920-967 3.45-4.44 varying Φ, Θ [194] 1052-1226 1183-1307 0.4-5.2 Φ ¼ 0 -90 [189]/ [104,243] 1200-1400 1-2 [45] [198] Ti-5553 %800 %14 Φ ¼ 90 [10] Ti50Ta 75.8 883 925 11.7 Φ ¼ 0 [202] Ti-0. Dedicated publications to this topic, which also comprise metal powder deposition procedures, can be found here.…”

Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] In aerospace applications, the main intention is to enhance the strength to weight ratio of components, allowing aeroplanes to become lighter and thus, more efficient and versatile. [8][9][10] Given this, the knowledge of peculiarities of AM fabricated parts, their material properties, directional characteristics, and the resulting challenges in the design are of great importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Review of Metal Fabricated with Laser‐ and Powder‐Bed Based Additive Manufacturing Techniques: Process, Nomenclature, Materials, Achievable Properties, and its Utilization in the Medical Sector

et al. 2018

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Additive manufacturing has multiple advantages over conventional fabrication techniques, such as the geometrical freedom and, to a great extent, the omission of tooling equipment. Hence, futuristic designs and non-standard topology-optimized structures can be fabricated without causing noteworthy extra cost, since the geometrical complexity is, exaggeratedly spoken, for free. The manufacturing time and the amount of required raw material are the key criteria, which determine the expenses. What at first glance appears as an engineer's dream, introduces its complexity in the description of the material's characteristics and their volatility to the manufacturing conditions. Within this study, the main properties (i.e., surface hardness, tensile, and compression strength, as well as fracture toughness) and their anisotropic and inhomogeneous nature are addressed. Detailed overviews of the progress to date for aluminum, iron, titanium, cobalt, and nickel based raw materials are provided. Furthermore, an overview about the state-of-the-art in the medical sector is included, comprising the areas of utilization and several trail studies.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relative Density In [%]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Review of Metal Fabricated with Laser‐ and Powder‐Bed Based Additive Manufacturing Techniques: Process, Nomenclature, Materials, Achievable Properties, and its Utilization in the Medical Sector

et al. 2018

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“…Based on an excellent combination of high tensile strength to weight ratio and good corrosion behavior, hardenability, and fatigue crack growth resistance, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] titanium alloys are regarded as a superior and cost-effective structural materials for widely applications in aerospace, [9] marine, [10] industrial, [11] and commercial fields. [12] Hydrogen is of great interest to the energy industry as a sustainable clean energy source, and various hydrogen utilization systems have been developed to promote the widespread adoption of fuel cell vehicles or stationary fuel cell systems that used hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hydride Precipitation Mechanisms in the Hydrogenated Weld Zone of Ti–0.3Mo–0.8Ni Alloy Argon‐Arc Welded Joints

et al. 2018

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A review of the microstructural evolution and phase transformation in the hydrogenated weld zone of Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni alloy argon-arc welded joints has been considered. The role of crystallographic, microstructural, and precipitation mechanisms on the defect-free properties of the hydrogenated weld zone has been analyzed, and hydride phase formations have been revealed by the influence of hydrogen on the microstructural characteristics of the weld zone. The results show face-centered cubic (FCC) δ and face-centered tetragonal (FCT) γ hydride phase formations are found in the hydrogenated 0.21 wt% H weld zone. Large lamellar, slender plate δ and long needle γ hydrides can only precipitate from the alpha lamellae, and not from the transformed beta phase due to the high hydrogen solubility found in the beta phase. Formation of the δ and γ hydrides are the result of α H phase separation reaction: α H ! α (H lean region) þ δ (H rich region) and α H ! γ (H rich region), respectively. The precipitation mechanisms and characteristics of the δ and γ hydrides formed in alpha phase are discussed in detail. Dislocation multiplication around the hydrides is promoted effectively by hydrogen addition, the fact that the quantity of dislocations around the δ hydride increased obviously compared to γ hydride indicated the α H ! δ phase transformation result in a greater volume expansion rate.

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Lymphoscintigraphy in Tumors of the Head and Neck Using a Double Tracer Technique

Klutmann

Bohuslavizki²,

Brenner³

et al. 1999

Radioactive Isotopes in Clinical Medicine and Research XXIII

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Knowledge of possible lymphatic drainage may facilitate plan ning of surgery for patients with head and neck tumors. There fore, the aim of this study was to present a method of lymphoscintigraphy with special attention to an accurate correlation of lymphatic drainage to anatomic regions. Methods: Lymphoscin tigraphy was performed using a double tracer technique before surgery in a total of 75 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. All patients received 100 MBq 99mTc-colloidat three to four peritumoral sites. A perchlorate solution (2 ml) was given orally to block salivary glands and the thyroid gland. Patients received 50 MBq 99mTc-pertechnetateintravenously for body contouring 20 min postinjection. Planar images were obtained over 5 min each, at 30 min and 4 h postinjection from anterior, right lateral and left lateral views with a large-field-ofview gamma camera. Lymphatic drainage was assessed by visual inspection and assigned to six cervical compartments. Results: Neither the salivary glands nor the thyroid gland were seen in any of the patients. In 22 of 75 patients (29.3%), the injection site was the only focal tracer uptake seen. In contrast, lymphatic drainage was identified in the remaining 53 patients (70.7%), and lymph nodes could be assigned easily to the six cervical compartments. Of 75 patients, 36 (48%) exhibited ipsilateral lymphatic drainage. In addition, 17 patients (22.7%) with unilateral tumor showed bilateral (n = 12), contralateral (n = 2) or retropharyngeal (n = 3) lymphatic drainage. In 3 of these 17 patients, bilateral lymph node mÃ©tastaseswere proven. A sub group of 12 patients (16%) exhibited N2c nodal status, despite a unilateral localized primary tumor. In 3 of these 12 patients, surgery was extended as a result of scintigraphic findings from unilateral toward bilateral neck dissection, and histology con firmed nodal involvement in these patients. Conclusion: Lympho scintigraphy using the double tracer technique allows an accu rate correlation of lymphatic drainage to the six cervical compartments. This may provide the basis for a re-evaluation of its impact in treatment planning of patients with head and neck tumors.

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Scintigraphie des cervicalen Lymphsystems

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

A Review of Metal Fabricated with Laser‐ and Powder‐Bed Based Additive Manufacturing Techniques: Process, Nomenclature, Materials, Achievable Properties, and its Utilization in the Medical Sector

A Review of Metal Fabricated with Laser‐ and Powder‐Bed Based Additive Manufacturing Techniques: Process, Nomenclature, Materials, Achievable Properties, and its Utilization in the Medical Sector

The Hydride Precipitation Mechanisms in the Hydrogenated Weld Zone of Ti–0.3Mo–0.8Ni Alloy Argon‐Arc Welded Joints

Lymphoscintigraphy in Tumors of the Head and Neck Using a Double Tracer Technique

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