Scientific support for preparing an EU position in the 48th Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR)

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doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4571

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Shokrzadeh et al, 2009 [ 105 ] analysed lindane concentration in cultivated fish as well as the most consumed fish in the Caspian Sea and found levels did not to pose any risk and that the lindane concentration was significantly higher in fish than in the sea cucumbers. This is in accordance with evaluation by EFSA [ 104 ]. It is important to monitor lindane in marine animals but for now seafood consumption is not suggested to pose any risks.…”

Section: Hazardssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The use of lindane has been banned worldwide and the MRL is 100 ng/g in fish set by the Codex Alimentarius Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR). Currently no EU MRLs are set for fish [ 104 ]. Shokrzadeh et al, 2009 [ 105 ] analysed lindane concentration in cultivated fish as well as the most consumed fish in the Caspian Sea and found levels did not to pose any risk and that the lindane concentration was significantly higher in fish than in the sea cucumbers.…”

Section: Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food Safety Risks Posed by Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) related to Consumption of Sea Cucumbers

Elvevoll

James

Toppe

et al. 2022

Foods

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The global production of sea cucumbers was 245 thousand tons in 2020. Sea cucumbers are important food items in Asian and Pacific cuisines, the highest proportion being consumed in China as “bêche-de-mer” dried, gutted, boiled and salted body wall. However, consumption of sea cucumbers is expanding in China and globally, and the high demand has led to decline in populations of sea cucumbers, due to overexploitation. Aquaculture, together with novel fisheries on new species in new regions is easing the demand. Thus, an assessment of food safety is warranted. A literature search on food hazards was performed. A high proportion of the selected papers concerned heavy metals and metalloid hazards, such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As). No specific maximum limits (MLs) have been set for contents of these in sea cucumbers. Thus, the contents were compared with maximum limits set for aquatic animals in general or bivalve molluscs if available. With regard to Hg and Cd levels, none of the samples exceeded limits set by the European Commission or the National Standard of China, while for Pb, samples from highly industrialised areas exceeded the limits. Surprisingly, data on contaminants such as POPs, including dioxins and dl-PCB, PAH and PFAS as well as microbial hazards were scarce. The availability of fresh sea cucumber has increased due to aquaculture. To preserve the original flavour some consumers are reported to prefer to eat raw sea cucumber products, sashimi and sushi, which inevitably causes challenges from the microbial food safety perspective. Altogether, this paper highlights specific needs for knowledge, in particular when harvesting new species of sea cucumbers or in industrialized regions. Systematic monitoring activities, appropriate guidelines and regulations are highly warranted to guide the utilization of sea cucumbers.

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Section: Hazardssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Safety Risks Posed by Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) related to Consumption of Sea Cucumbers

Elvevoll

James

Toppe

et al. 2022

Foods

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“… b Residue values in the FAO ( 2015 ) estimation of STMRs in products of animal origin are the sum of cyantraniliprole and metabolites IN‐N7B69, IN‐J9Z38, IN‐MLA84 and IN‐MYX98, expressed as cyantraniliprole. The range of metabolites in the FAO estimated STMRs is broader than the EU risk assessment residue definition, however these values were considered appropriate for use in the exposure calculation without adaptation (EFSA, 2016c ). …”

Section: Appendix D – Input Values For the Exposure Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the existing maximum residue level for apricots and setting of import tolerances for cyantraniliprole in various crops

Bellisai¹,

Bernasconi²,

Brancato³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, the applicants FMC International and Syngenta Crop Protection submitted two requests to the competent national authority in France, respectively, to set import tolerances for the active substance cyantraniliprole in various crops and to modify the existing maximum residue levels (MRLs) in apricots. The data submitted in support of the requests were found sufficient to derive MRL proposals for apricots, potatoes, tropical root and tuber vegetables, cucurbits (inedible peel), lettuces and salad plants, Chinese cabbage and other leafy brassica (except kale), spinaches and similar leaves (except spinach), parsley and minor oilseeds. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concluded that the dietary intake of residues resulting from the uses of cyantraniliprole according to the reported agricultural practices is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health for the parent compound. A definitive conclusion on the risk for consumers cannot be derived for the degradation products IN‐N5M09 and IN‐F6L99 which are formed during cooking/boiling. For both compounds, the concerns on genotoxicity have been ruled out, but the general toxicity has not been addressed. The indicative exposure calculated by the EMS and EFSA for these compounds is affected by non‐standard uncertainties but can support risk managers to take an informed decision on the requested modification of the existing MRLs for the crops under assessment.

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“…EFSA based its assessment on the evaluation report submitted by the EMS the Netherlands (Netherlands, 2021a , b ) the renewal assessment report (RAR) and its revision (United Kingdom, 2016 , 2017 ) prepared under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, the conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance trifloxystrobin (EFSA, 2017 ), the Commission review report on trifloxystrobin (European Commission, 2018 ) as well as the conclusions from previous EFSA opinions and scientific reports on trifloxystrobin, including the reasoned opinion on the MRL review according to Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 (EFSA, 2014a , b , 2016a , b , 2018c , d , 2019b ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EFSA updated the calculation with the relevant STMR values derived from the residue trials submitted in support of the present MRL applications and, in addition, with the STMRs derived in EFSA opinions issued after the MRL review (EFSA, 2014b , 2016a , 2018c , 2019b ). For those commodities where the CXLs have been implemented in the EU legislation after the MRL review, the respective STMR values as derived by the JMPR were used (FAO, 2004 , 2015 , 2017 ; EFSA, 2016b , 2018d ). The complete list of input values can be found in Appendix D.2 .…”

Section: Consumer Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of existing maximum residue levels in various crops and evaluation of confirmatory data following the Article 12 MRL review for trifloxystrobin

Bellisai¹,

Bernasconi²,

Brancato³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, the applicant Bayer CropScience submitted two applications to the competent national authorities appointed in the United Kingdom and Greece to modify the existing maximum residue levels (MRLs) for the active substance trifloxystrobin in various crops and in sweet peppers/bell peppers, respectively. Moreover, in the application submitted to the United Kingdom, the applicant also included a request to evaluate the confirmatory data identified in the framework of the MRL review under Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 as not available. In the framework of the assessment process, these applications were re-allocated to the Netherlands. The data submitted in support of the requests were found to be sufficient to derive MRL proposals for sweet peppers/bell peppers, kales, escaroles, herbs and edible flowers, beans with pods, oat and chicory roots. Since the data gaps identified in the MRL review were not addressed, risk managers might consider lowering the tentative MRLs in passion fruits/maracujas and leafy brassica other than kales to the limit of quantification (LOQ), and the implementation of the Codex MRL (CXL) in the EU legislation for cucumbers and gherkins. The new intended use on witloof/Belgian endives was not adequately supported by residue data and therefore an MRL proposal cannot be derived. Adequate analytical methods for enforcement are available to control the residues of trifloxystrobin on the commodities under consideration. Based on the results of the risk assessment performed, considering the exposure to residues of trifloxystrobin and its metabolites CGA 321113 (apart for passion fruits), EFSA concluded that the short-term and long-term intake of residues resulting from the uses of trifloxystrobin under consideration is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health, except for escaroles. For the intended indoor use on escaroles, a risk from short-term intake cannot be excluded, hence a modification of the existing EU MRL is not proposed for this commodity. The consumer risk assessment shall be regarded as indicative and affected by uncertainties.

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Scientific support for preparing an EU position in the 48th Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR)

Cited by 30 publications

References 67 publications

Food Safety Risks Posed by Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) related to Consumption of Sea Cucumbers

Food Safety Risks Posed by Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) related to Consumption of Sea Cucumbers

Modification of the existing maximum residue level for apricots and setting of import tolerances for cyantraniliprole in various crops

Modification of existing maximum residue levels in various crops and evaluation of confirmatory data following the Article 12 MRL review for trifloxystrobin

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