Scientific School of Academician Vitaly I. Shvets: Bionanopharmaceutical Technologies of Innovative Directed-Action Medicinal Preparations and Manpower Training

Abstract

The results of many years of scientific research in the field of physico-chemical biology and its most important direction - lipidology, conducted by the leading scientific school under the leadership of Academician RAS Vitaly I. Shvets, are reported. On the creation of synthetic, biotechnological methods for obtaining lipids, with the possibility of their practical use by designing on this basis effective diagnostic and medicinal products and application in practical medicine. The further development and use of methods of bionanotechnology for the development of modern medicines for directed action on the basis of increasing the effectiveness of classical drugs by their incorporation into nanocontainers is described. It is reported on the development of technologies for obtaining nanoscale forms of drugs, the study of their pharmacological properties and use in medical practice. Information is provided on the preparation of liposomal antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-tuberculosis, cardiac preparations based on the proposed echnologies, the study of properties and the use for therapeutic purposes. The technologies for obtaining and conducting biological studies of nanoforms based on copolymers of lactic and glycolic acids of antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and a number of other drugs have been developed: It has been shown that the use of nanosized drugs can lead to a significant increase in the pharmacological effect due to various factors. It was noted that during the construction of the drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the contents of liposomes loaded with dopamine pass through the blood-brain barrier almost 100 times better than individual dopamine molecules. Finding a substance in nanoparticles reduces its toxicity primarily due to the effect of "passive targeting". The prolonged action of medicinal substances enclosed in nanoparticles is discussed, due to their gradual release. It is noted that the targeted delivery of nanoparticles makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of the drugs by an order of magnitude. It is reported on the drug-delivery technology in the field of oncology and the use of the method of selective delivery of cytostatics to tumor tissues using the receptor-mediated endocytosis. Biological and pharmacological studies based on nanopoporous silicon on the creation of liposomal drugs for the treatment of cancer, cardiological pathologies, tuberculosis are carried out. Data on the work of the scientific and educational center for training specialists in the field of biotechnology and pharmacy are given.