Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol

Publication, Efsa

doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1461

Cited by 631 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…In 2010, the NDA Panel re-assessed the health effects of TFA in the context of establishing DRVs for fats (EFSA NDA Panel, 2010b). Owing that TFA are not synthesised by the human body and are not required in the diet, no Population Reference Intake, Average Requirement, or Adequate Intake was set.…”

Section: Scientific Opinions Of the Efsa Nda Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the context of establishing DRVs for fats (EFSA NDA Panel, 2010b), the NDA Panel provided in 2010 an overview of DRVs and recommendations formulated by national (EU) and international organisations and authorities for the intakes of total fat, fatty acids (including TFA), and cholesterol. Subsequently, a systematic review on the most updated dietary reference intakes and recommendations (nutritional goals and dietary guidelines) for fat and fatty acids (including TFA) around the world was published in 2012 (Aranceta and Perez-Rodrigo, 2012).…”

Section: Most Recent Drvs Nutritional Goals and Recommendations Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…context of a nutritionally adequate diet based on known patterns of intake of foods and nutrients in specific populations (EFSA NDA Panel, 2010b).…”

Section: Most Recent Drvs Nutritional Goals and Recommendations Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trans isomers of other MUFA (e.g. 14:1 and 16:1), of PUFA, and trans 20:1 and 22:1 isomers (in partially hydrogenated fish oil) are also found in mixed diets but in lower amounts (EFSA NDA Panel, 2004, 2010b.…”

Section: Introduction and Definition Of Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scientific and technical assistance on trans fatty acids

2018

EFS3

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The European Commission asked the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to compile the outcomes of scientific advice already provided by EFSA with regard to the health effects of trans fats, in particular in the areas of nutrition and health claims, dietary reference values (DRVs) and food additives, and to inform the Commission on how such scientific advice relates to current goals and recommendations regarding the intake of trans fats to maintain health. The scientific advice provided by the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies in the areas of health claims made on food and DRVs and the scientific advice provided by the EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food in the area of food additives, regarding the health effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) in mixed diets is consistent with the scientific basis underlying most recent DRVs, nutritional goals and recommendations, and dietary guidelines for trans fatty acids (TFA) set by other national and international bodies. Data from controlled intervention studies show that consumption of diets containing TFA has adverse effects on blood lipids that predict an increase in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk compared with the consumption of diets containing cis-monounsaturated fatty acids or cispolyunsaturated fatty acids, and that the effect is dose-dependent. Prospective cohort studies showed a consistent association between higher intakes of TFA and increased risk of CHD. The consistency of the evidence from these two types of studies provides strong support for the conclusion that TFA intake has a dose-dependent linear effect that increases the risk of CHD as compared to the intake of other fatty acids in the diet. With few exceptions, latest national and international recommendations indicate that dietary intakes of TFA should be as low as possible.

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Section: Scientific Opinions Of the Efsa Nda Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Most Recent Drvs Nutritional Goals and Recommendations Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…context of a nutritionally adequate diet based on known patterns of intake of foods and nutrients in specific populations (EFSA NDA Panel, 2010b).…”

Section: Most Recent Drvs Nutritional Goals and Recommendations Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Definition Of Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scientific and technical assistance on trans fatty acids

2018

EFS3

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“…MPs were analysed for fat content, fatty acids (FA) composition and sodium (Na) content. The compliance with legal requirements (Regulation EC No 1924/2006 and information stated on the product was checked. This study is the first one in the Czech Republic dealing with this issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of meat products’ composition bearing/not-bearing claims marketed in the Czech Republic

2011

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The aim of this study was to analyse the occurrence and specific composition of meat products (MPs) bearing nutrition/health claims marketed in the Czech Republic. MPs were analysed for fat content, fatty acids (FA) composition and sodium (Na) content. The compliance with legal requirements (Regulation EC No 1924/2006 and information stated on the product was checked. This study is the first one in the Czech Republic dealing with this issue. Among hundreds of marketed MPs, we observed only a limited number of MPs bearing claims. We analysed and compared chemical composition of 12 MPs bearing nutrition claims to 5 identical brand products without any claim. None of the claims dealt with reduced amount of Na/salt content and none was evaluated as an explicit health claim. Most of the mentioned nutrition claims were declared as "Fit, Fitness, Light, Wellness, With low/reduced fat". Only one claim mentioned "ω3 FA addition". All analytical results, except one product with claim "Low/reduced fat" or "Light" (if connected with fat reduction), corresponded to the legal requirements and information stated on the product. Three statements on the products associated with Na/salt content did not correspond to the amount measured in the sample. When comparing MPs "with" and "without" nutrition claim, lightly reduced fat or added amount of ω3 FA was recognized only in one product with claim. Other indicators, such as Na/salt content, better FA profile or more evident fat reduction were not found. The results of our study show that claims such as "Healthier, Fit, Fitness or Wellness" may be considered as somewhat misleading for consumers.

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Lipids, Brain, and Mental Health

Hussain

Rasul

Anwar

et al. 2020

Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products

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Lipids in nervous system are of particular interest because of the high concentration of lipids in brain, second only to adipose tissue, of which a major part is found in myelin. These lipids are involved in the structure of cell membranes in the brain and display a variety of biological functions to maintain vital cellular processes at various levels: work as energy source, serve as signaling molecules, and withstand structural integrity of cellular compartment and membranes. Lipids in the form of fatty acids participate actively in the development of the nervous system at embryonic and early postnatal stage and are crucial for its maintenance throughout adulthood. The involvement of deregulated metabolism of lipids in many nervous system disorders, pathological conditions and injuries underscores the importance of lipids in maintaining normal cell signaling and tissue physiology. The correction of altered lipid levels by exogenous supply is considered as a most promising therapeutic approach. It is believed that they contribute in their own right by as yet incompletely understood mechanisms to those pathological processes. This article attempts to provide an overview of the lipid imbalances associated with CNS injury (traumatic brain injury, stroke, and spinal cord injury), neurological disorders (schizophrenia, anxiety, and depressive illnesses), and neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis). Fatty acids as biomarkers of diseases are briefly discussed as well as their therapeutic potential which will provide new insights to exploit these lipids to open new avenues for improving brain health, prevention, and treatment of nervous system disorders.

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Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol

Cited by 631 publications

References 197 publications

Scientific and technical assistance on trans fatty acids

Scientific and technical assistance on trans fatty acids

Comparison of meat products’ composition bearing/not-bearing claims marketed in the Czech Republic

Lipids, Brain, and Mental Health

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