Scientific Information Needs for Regulatory Decision Making

Maynard, Robert

doi:10.1080/15287390306437

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Air quality management driven only toward the achievement of air quality standards may not be optimal in areas where standards have already been attained or in "hot spots" such as high traffic areas, where measures to achieve further air pollution reductions may be increasingly difficult and costly (Maynard, 2003). To make further public health gains in these areas, exposure reduction and/or continuous improvement policies are an important addition to health-based ambient air quality standards.…”

Section: Exposure Reduction Targetsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Colloquium Statement: Strategic Policy Directions for Air Quality Management

Craig¹,

Krewski

Samet

et al. 2008

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Section: Exposure Reduction Targetsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Colloquium Statement: Strategic Policy Directions for Air Quality Management

Craig¹,

Krewski

Samet

et al. 2008

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…Descriptors like "satisfactory" require judgement via substantive public input-and can be disputed by sensitive and vulnerable individuals (Maynard, 2003). The Toronto medical community (Toronto Public Health, 2001) likewise contested Ontario's use of similar descriptors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clean Air Strategies: An Environmental Nongovernmental Organization Perspective on the Science–Policy Interface

Wallis¹

2007

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Environmental nongovernment organisations (ENGOs) in Europe have been hardly involved in AIRNET, in part because the technicalities deter access. However, ENGOs should be seen as representing the public as well as acting as stakeholders in their own right. ENGOs can be intimately involved in assessing the public information, as in the UK example criticized here, and can spotlight an issue like ultrafine particulate pollution that is being avoided for reasons of institutional inertia and special interests. For risk analysis and integrating a precautionary approach, ENGO participation within a stakeholder process is vital. Policies designed to combat air pollutants have to change profoundly how people live, travel, and work (Maynard et al., 2003), yet policymakers tend to duck the hard choices. Winning the public to make such changes requires enrolling the major campaigning ENGOs as allies, in the context of effective stakeholder communication and accountability in public information and policy setting.

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Particulate matter concentration in ambient air and its effects on lung functions among residents in the National Capital Region, India

Kesavachandran

Pangtey

Bihari

et al. 2012

Environ Monit Assess

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The World Health Organization has estimated that air pollution is responsible for 1.4 % of all deaths and 0.8 % of disability-adjusted life years. NOIDA, located at the National Capital Region, India, was declared as one of the critically air-polluted areas by the Central Pollution Control Board of the Government of India. Studies on the relationship of reduction in lung functions of residents living in areas with higher concentrations of particulate matter (PM) in ambient air were inconclusive since the subjects of most of the studies are hospital admission cases. Very few studies, including one from India, have shown the relationship of PM concentration and its effects of lung functions in the same location. Hence, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to study the effect of particulate matter concentration in ambient air on the lung functions of residents living in a critically air-polluted area in India. PM concentrations in ambient air (PM(1,) PM(2.5)) were monitored at residential locations and identified locations with higher (NOIDA) and lower concentrations (Gurgaon). Lung function tests (FEV(1), PEFR) were conducted using a spirometer in 757 residents. Both air monitoring and lung function tests were conducted on the same day. Significant negative linear relationship exists between higher concentrations of PM(1) with reduced FEV(1) and increased concentrations of PM(2.5) with reduced PEFR and FEV(1). The study shows that reductions in lung functions (PEFR and FEV(1)) can be attributed to higher particulate matter concentrations in ambient air. Decline in airflow obstruction in subjects exposed to high PM concentrations can be attributed to the fibrogenic response and associated airway wall remodeling. The study suggests the intervention of policy makers and stake holders to take necessary steps to reduce the emissions of PM concentrations, especially PM(1,) PM(2.5), which can lead to serious respiratory health concerns in residents.

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Scientific Information Needs for Regulatory Decision Making

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Colloquium Statement: Strategic Policy Directions for Air Quality Management

Colloquium Statement: Strategic Policy Directions for Air Quality Management

Clean Air Strategies: An Environmental Nongovernmental Organization Perspective on the Science–Policy Interface

Particulate matter concentration in ambient air and its effects on lung functions among residents in the National Capital Region, India

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