Science, objectivity, and academic freedom in the twenty-first century

Joyce, Rosemary A.

doi:10.1017/s0940739121000230

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The fact that some studies can no longer be carried out as they would have been in the past does not portend an end to science. It simply signals the maturation of anthropological research and its acceptance of social and ethical responsibilities that come with academic freedom" (p. 198 of [82]).…”

Section: Profiling Documented Collections: Where When and Howmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scientific Profiles of Documented Collections via Publication Data: Past, Present, and Future Directions in Forensic Anthropology

Cardoso

Campanacho

2022

Forensic Sciences

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Human osteological documented collections (DCs), also referred to as “identified collections”, are a valuable resource in biological and forensic anthropology, as they offer the possibility for hypothesis-driven research on sex and age-at-death estimation methods, human variability, and other morphometric-based parameters of individual identification. Consequently, they feature in many publications addressing the forensic sciences. The paper aims to explore the scientific profiles of DCs via publication using bibliometric data. The Dimensions databases were used to select the DC-related keywords in the title and abstracts of the publications. The search result analysis and extraction were conducted using VOSviewer. A total of 376 articles were found, published between 1969 and 2021 (November). The number of publications has increased over the years, specifically after 2011. The results show that most of the publications are associated with countries such as the United States and Portugal (the latter highlights the University of Coimbra), that the research tends to focus on human biological profiling (e.g., age, sex assessments), and that the journals with the highest numbers of publications were related to forensic sciences. This analysis shows a positive correlation between DC publications and the growth of forensic anthropology in recent years, with a slight shift towards the leading institutions that publish DC-based research. Hence, we can anticipate a change in the institutional leading profiles in the years to come.

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Section: Profiling Documented Collections: Where When and Howmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scientific Profiles of Documented Collections via Publication Data: Past, Present, and Future Directions in Forensic Anthropology

Cardoso

Campanacho

2022

Forensic Sciences

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“…For this study, "Western archaeology" refers to the epistemological and ontological interpretations of academically derived science, serving as the basis for widely accepted-and taught-explanations and descriptions of the world based on claims of "objectivity" and "the scientific method," which created and perpetuated power and power dynamics through the creation of disciplines and authorized experts (Foucault, as described by Ball 2013). In other words, academia is often considered synonymous with research and reasoning that are isolated from emotions and values, and that different disciplines are legitimized through the credentials earned by scientists who graduated from an accredited university (Joyce 2021). "Knowledge" includes information derived from science, but also incorporates experiences.…”

Section: Indigenous Peoples and Communities Do Not All Perceive The W...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for meaningful engagement: A commentary on collaboration in archaeological climate adaptation planning

Hotchkiss¹,

Seekamp²,

McGill³

2022

Parks Stewardship Forum

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There are calls from cultural resources professionals, academics, and diverse stakeholders for multivocality, co-creation of knowledge, and inclusion of local and traditional input in the management of cultural resources situated on public lands. Yet, associated communities often have little control or influence on management of their heritage sites beyond mandated consultation, particularly for archaeological sites. In a US National Park Service (NPS) context, managers are guided by standardized criteria, existing data management systems, and policy-and eligibility-based funding streams. The influences of these criteria, systems, and policies are particularly powerful when managers are prioritizing action for climate adaptation, as policy guidance focuses attention to cultural resources that are both significant and vulnerable to climate stressors. The results of a variety of engagement activities with Tribal Nations and NPS staff show that the co-creation of knowledge requires meaningful engagements, the valuing of Traditional Knowledges, and bridging the culture-nature divide. This paper highlights successful examples of such meaningful engagements and offers strategies for collaboration between NPS and citizens and staff of Tribal Nations in climate change adaptation planning for cultural resources on public lands.Scholars are increasingly documenting the exposure of archaeological sites to climate change stressors (e.g., Rockman 2015; Anderson et al. 2017;Sesana et al. 2021). The impacts of these stressors to sites are also being documented with more frequency, such as the deterioration of materials from increasingly salinized soils and extreme fires (Gruber 2011), and the displacement and loss of materials and physical context from erosion caused by riverine flooding (Howard et al. 2016), storm surge (Pollard-Belsheim et al. 2014), and sea level rise (Papadopoulos et al. 2021). On federal lands, climate adaptation guidance for archaeological sites typically focuses on minimizing physical deterioration or loss given management agencies' mandate of responsible cultural heritage stewardship (Rockman et al. 2016;Venture et al. 2021). Yet, many archaeological sites require unique climate adaptation planning and management because of their connection to sovereign Tribal Nations 1 and the consequential sensitivity of data and locational information associated with pre-contact sites (Wildcat 2013). In this commentary, we explore the challenges of climate change adaptation planning for archaeology sites and the opportunities for agency staff and the citizens and staff of Tribal Nations to steward cultural heritage sites located on public lands.

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The disposability and inclusion of Brown bodies

Agarwal

2024

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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While there has been increased awareness of the ethics of curation, research, and teaching with human skeletal remains, there has been little recognition of the millions of skeletal remains from South Asia that were harvested illegally and/or unethically for educational institutions globally for over a century. This article gives a contextualization of the unique history and nature of anatomical teaching collections, and why they are an important locus for a decolonized and antiracist biological anthropology. I present the historical background of how the exportation and commodification of Indian bodies came to dominate the global bone trade. I also discuss how historical necropolitics explicitly erased the identity and objectified South Asian people made into study skeletons, and the way our current practices continue to uphold colonial violence. Finally, I discuss what we might do with these historical collections and the ways that inclusion of Brown voices is critical to ethical practice.

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Science, objectivity, and academic freedom in the twenty-first century

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

The Scientific Profiles of Documented Collections via Publication Data: Past, Present, and Future Directions in Forensic Anthropology

The Scientific Profiles of Documented Collections via Publication Data: Past, Present, and Future Directions in Forensic Anthropology

Strategies for meaningful engagement: A commentary on collaboration in archaeological climate adaptation planning

The disposability and inclusion of Brown bodies

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