Science, healthcare system, and government effectiveness perception and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and hesitancy in a global sample: an analytical cross-sectional analysis

Abstract

BackgroundDeterminants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance are complex; how perceptions of the effectiveness of science, healthcare and government impact personal COVID-19 vaccine acceptance is unclear, despite all three domains providing critical roles in development, funding and provision, and distribution of COVID-19 vaccine.ObjectiveTo estimate impact of perception of science, healthcare systems, and government along with sociodemographic, psychosocial, and cultural characteristics on vaccine acceptance.DesignWe conducted a global nested analytical cross-sectional study of how the perceptions of healthcare, government and science systems have impacted COVID-19 on vaccine acceptance.SettingGlobal Facebook, Instagram and Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) users from 173 countries.Participants7411 people aged 18 years or over, and able to read English, Spanish, Italian, or French.MeasurementsWe used Χ2 analysis and logistic regression-derived adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs to evaluate the relationship between effectiveness perceptions and vaccine acceptance controlling for other factors. We used natural language processing and thematic analysis to analyse the role of vaccine-related narratives in open-ended explanations of effectiveness.ResultsAfter controlling for confounding, attitude toward science was a strong predictor of vaccine acceptance, more so than other attitudes, demographic, psychosocial or COVID-19-related variables (aOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.8 to 2.5). The rationale for science effectiveness was dominated by vaccine narratives, which were uncommon in other domains.LimitationsThis study did not include participants from countries where Facebook and Amazon mTurk are not available, and vaccine acceptance reflected intention rather than actual behaviour.ConclusionsAs our findings show, vaccine-related issues dominate public perception of science’s impact around COVID-19, and this perception of science relates strongly to the decision to obtain vaccination once available.

Older people's experience of COVID‐19 restrictions on vaccine hesitancy: A longitudinal phenomenological study to support nurse‐patient vaccination conversations

“…This is contrary to the work of McSpadden ( 2022 ) and Al‐Hanawi et al ( 2021 ), who identified older people has concerns about the side effects and the effectiveness of the COVID‐19 vaccines. However, our results are similar to that of the international study conducted by Dye et al ( 2021 ), which identified individuals' attitude towards science, was a strong predictor of vaccine acceptance, than psychosocial or COVID‐19‐related variables, such as risk, due to age or co‐morbidities. In our study science was also identified as being more important than government effectiveness, as participants questioned the government's decisions on the rollout of the vaccine, but not the science supporting the vaccine.…”

Community Health Resources, Globalization, Trust in Science, and Voting as Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination Rates: A Global Study with Implications for Vaccine Adherence

“…According to our findings, adopting large-scale health efforts, such as mass vaccinations, requires government effectiveness and fiscal decentralization. Vaccine-related challenges are usually cited as reasons for government effectiveness in funding and distribution [44]. The government purchases, delivers, implements, and promotes immunization in most countries where COVID-19 vaccination is offered as a public service.…”

“…Effective governments may respond to the COVID-19 pandemic with integrated preparation, such as expanded testing and hospital facilities, monitoring, and distributing personal protective equipment and vaccines [43]. Dye et al [44] revealed that enhancing government effectiveness is essential, as vaccination coverage is only statistically significant in nations with solid government effectiveness. Governments with greater effectiveness may be able to target high-risk individuals and provide immunizations to maximize community health [45].…”

COVID-19 Vaccine Equity and Access: Case Study for Health Care Chatbots

“…Communities with more significant pandemic-related risks are typically marginalized, and the lack of equitable access to information about COVID-19 is another layer exacerbating preexisting sociostructural determinants of health [ 10 ]. Misinformation, created by the politicization of COVID-19 and related public health measures, has magnified the pandemic’s challenges, including access to health care, vaccination and testing efforts, as well as personal protective equipment [ 11 ]. Of note, disparities are perpetuated by factors beyond the individual choices or preferences of community members.…”