School zone safety modeling in countermeasure evaluation and decision

Park, Juneyoung; Abdel-Aty, Mohamed; Lee, Jae Young

doi:10.1080/23249935.2018.1519646

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Before-after and cross-sectional methods are widely used to estimate CMFs (11,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Nevertheless, before-after methods are stronger and preferable than cross-sectional methods (16).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of Median U-Turn Crossover-Based Intersections

Al-Omari

Abdel-Aty

Lee

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record

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Alternative innovative designs for intersections were defined to enhance traffic operation and safety. Median U-turn (MUT) and restricted crossing U-turn (RCUT) intersections are among the types of alternative intersections that enable drivers to make left-turn movements at median U-turn crossovers downstream of the main intersection. Recently, municipalities and transport agencies have tended to implement these types of intersections. However, their effectiveness in crash reduction has not been adequately determined in previous studies. This is because of the limited number of alternative intersections that were considered in these studies. In addition, there was no consideration for the unusual new geometric design of these intersections. In this study, a safety evaluation was conducted while considering the new intersection-related areas at MUT and RCUT intersections to clarify and quantify their effectiveness in crash reduction. This study considered 73 MUT and 12 RCUT intersections. Two types of MUT intersections were considered in this study. Crash modification factors for MUT and RCUT intersections were estimated by using before–after and cross-sectional methods. The results indicated that MUT and RCUT intersections are safer than conventional intersections. MUT intersections are effective in reducing total, property damage only (PDO), rear-end, and opposite-direction sideswipe crashes, although they significantly increase single-vehicle and non-motorized crashes. RCUT intersections are effective in reducing fatal-and-injury, injury, head-on, and angle crashes. Findings of this research provide clear evaluation for decision makers about the effectiveness of MUT and RCUT intersections in crash reduction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of Median U-Turn Crossover-Based Intersections

Al-Omari

Abdel-Aty

Lee

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record

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“…Tese facilities commonly include pavement markings (speeds, crossing lines, and stop bars), watch your speed boards, fashing beacons, speed humps, color pavement, road signs (speeds, school zone, and pedestrian caution), as well as cameras for speed monitoring and parking violations. Previous studies have proved that these types of facilities aid in reducing vehicle speed [19][20][21][22] and lowering reckless driving [19,23,24], thereby efectively decreasing the number of trafc accidents [25]. In Korea, certain sections of roads within a 300 m radius of main entrances of school zone-designated institutions are designated as school zones in accordance with "Rules for Designation and Management of Children, the Elderly, and the Disabled Protection Zones."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hotspots in and outside School Zones: A Case Study of Seoul

Chun,

Lim,

Kim

2024

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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With growing social concern on pedestrian accidents involving children, the Korean government announced a plan to decrease the number of child deaths due to traffic accidents by 2026. Therefore, policymakers should consider various measures for school zones because a safe school walkway is essential for preventing traffic accidents around schools. Some parts of the roads within a radius of 300 m from elementary school and kindergarten entrances are designated as school zones. Certain roads experience frequent accidents within the school zone, while others experience frequent accidents outside the school zone. Hence, this study aimed to provide school zone types in Seoul by noting different occurrence accidents within and outside each school zone and suggest proper countermeasure by type. After selecting a 300 m radius analysis unit from the school zones, a distinction was made between the school zones and outside for each analysis unit. After verifying the spatial autocorrelation in each unit, hotspot analysis identified four types based on the presence or absence of hotspots in each unit. Types were defined as follows: Type A—no hotspots in school zones or outside the school zones; Type B—hotspots only outside the school zones; Type C—hotspots only the school zones; and Type D—hotspots both in school zones and outside the school zones. Subsequently, a case study was conducted to validate the types. For Types B and C, the results revealed differences in the installation of traffic safety facilities and the environment between within and outside the school zones. Therefore, Type B requires improving safety outside the school zones by expanding school zones to match the safety level within. For Type C, it implies the need to strengthen safety measures in the school zones. Lastly, for Type D, improvement projects for a safe walking environment should be implemented in primarily by conducting separate inspections.

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“…School zone safety has become a critical concern in transportation because of various travelrelated activities that take place around schools. Therefore, school zones may pose a danger to school-aged pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists (Park et al, 2019).…”

Section: Safety Effects Of Dsdss In School Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of Red-Light Cameras and Dynamic Speed Display Signs Within the City of Ottawa

Parizi¹

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This thesis evaluates the safety impacts of red-light cameras (RLCs) and Dynamic Speed Display Signs (DSDSs) in Ottawa, Canada. The study examines the safety impacts of RLCs on safety performance, using actual collision records, and driver behaviour using surrogate safety measures. The safety impacts of DSDSs on driver behaviour are evaluated using safety measures of speed. Direct regression analysis of collision data on treated intersections showed a significant impact for RLCs on angle, injury, and fatal collisions but no significant impact on other impact types and severity levels, a finding that was likely affected by the relatively small number of treated sites. On the other hand, an empirical Bayes method for RLCs showed a significant impact, where total and PDO collisions increased while injury and fatal collisions decreased. The impact of RLCs also depended on the collision types, where sideswipe, rear-end, and SMV collisions increased, but the angle collisions decreased. The increase in rear-end collisions was also examined through an analysis of traffic conflicts. The results indicated that treated sites had significantly more severe rear-end conflicts that had likely resulted from harder deceleration rates. Speed analysis for DSDSs indicated drivers reduced their speed when they saw their actual speed on DSDSs.iii AcknowledgementsFirst and foremost, I would like to state my profound appreciation to my supervisor Professor Yasser Hassan for his continuous encouragement, support and help. He gave me the precious opportunity to work on this project, and under his kind teaching and advice, I was able to find my real interest in transportation engineering. A special thanks to my co-supervisor, Doctor Ali Kassim, for his help and guidance through the project.The completion of this thesis would not have been possible without the assistance of Doctor Ali Kassim, who kindly provided data from the City of Ottawa. My sincere thanks and appreciation to both of them for being part of this journey and for constantly assisting me. Sincere gratitude to my husband and co-worker Milad Abolhassani (Master's student at Carleton university) for helping me during the video data collection process. This study was financially supported by Transport Canada's Enhanced Road Safety Transfer Payment Program (ERSTPP) and was performed in collaboration with the Traffic Department of the City of Ottawa. I would like to thank the Traffic Department of the City of Ottawa for providing this opportunity as well as authorizing permission for collecting the video data.Finally, I would like to thank my mother, Fatemeh Saeedi, and my father, Professor Mahmoud Saffarzadeh, who always wanted this journey for me and for their continuous and unending love, and support throughout my study.

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School zone safety modeling in countermeasure evaluation and decision

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Safety Evaluation of Median U-Turn Crossover-Based Intersections

Safety Evaluation of Median U-Turn Crossover-Based Intersections

Analysis of Hotspots in and outside School Zones: A Case Study of Seoul

Safety Evaluation of Red-Light Cameras and Dynamic Speed Display Signs Within the City of Ottawa

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