School Readiness among U.S. Children: Development of a Pilot Measure

Ghandour, Reem M.; Moore, Kristin Anderson; Murphy, Kelly; Bethell, Christina; Jones, Jessica R.; Harwood, Robin L.; Buerlein, Jessica; Kogan, Michael D.; Lu, Michael C.

doi:10.1007/s12187-018-9586-8

Cited by 38 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In 2019, Ghandour and colleagues (14) noted that, prior to the 2016 cohort of the NSCH, 'no single U.S. data source support[ed] a multidimensional, population-based assessment of young children's readiness to start school.' Following this declaration, they laid out a comprehensive measurement strategy supported by the NSCH from 2016 onward as a means of assessing school readiness among 3-5-year-old children.…”

Section: Dependent Variable: School Readinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following this declaration, they laid out a comprehensive measurement strategy supported by the NSCH from 2016 onward as a means of assessing school readiness among 3-5-year-old children. Their goal was to provide a 'national portrait' of young children's progress towards becoming 'healthy and ready to learn' (14) .…”

Section: Dependent Variable: School Readinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…School readiness is a multifaceted construct that encompasses interrelated skills across early learning domains for children including academic, physical health and motor, executive functioning, language, social-emotional and behavioural components (14,15) . Research has indicated that future school adjustment and success, behavioural outcomes, health and well-being, and the ability to flourish across the life course are all significantly impacted by school readiness (14,(16)(17)(18) . In this sense, school readiness sets the stage for favourable developmental outcome years into the future and can even 'reduce a host of lifestyle risks from childhood through adulthood' (17) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Jackson

Testa

Semenza

2021

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study examines the association between mild and moderate-to-severe household food insecurity and school readiness among a nationally representative sample of preschool-aged children. Design: Cross-sectional data pertaining to household availability of food as well as four domains of school readiness – early learning skills, self-regulation, social-emotional development, and physical health & motor development – were employed. Setting: The United States. Participants: 15,402 children ages 3 to 5 from the 2016-2018 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). Results: Both mild and moderate-to-severe food insecurity are associated with an increase in needing support or being at-risk in each of the four school readiness domains, particularly Self-Regulation (IRR = 4.31; CI = 2.68-6.95) and Social-Emotional Development (IRR = 3.43; CI = 2.16-5.45). Furthermore, while nearly half of children in food-secure households are on-track across all four school readiness domains (47.49%), only 1 in 4 children experiencing moderate-to-severe household food insecurity are on track across all domains (25.26%). Conclusions: Household food insecurity is associated with reductions in school readiness among preschool-aged children.

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Section: Dependent Variable: School Readinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dependent Variable: School Readinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Jackson

Testa

Semenza

2021

Public Health Nutr.

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“…There are currently efforts underway to develop a national school readiness measure. 26 Children with symptoms of ADHD had comparable impairment in cognition and general knowledge to those without symptoms of ADHD; however, they had significantly more impairment in the other 4 domains. Only 20% of the ADHD group were impaired in cognition and general knowledge, whereas 79% of the ADHD group showed overall school readiness impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

School Readiness in Preschoolers With Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2019

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OBJECTIVE: To compare school readiness in preschoolers with and without attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms using a comprehensive framework. We hypothesized that preschoolers with ADHD symptoms have higher odds of school readiness impairment. METHODS: Children ages 4 to 5 years (n = 93) were divided into 2 groups on the basis of presence of ADHD symptoms (ADHD group, n = 45; comparison group, n = 48). School readiness was assessed through 10 component measures, including direct assessments and standardized questionnaires, regarding 5 school readiness domains: physical well-being and motor development, social and emotional development, approaches to learning, language, and cognition and general knowledge. Analysis of covariance compared group mean scores on component measures. Domain impairment was defined as score $1 SD from the test population mean in the unfavorable direction on $1 measure in the domain. School readiness impairment was defined as impairment in $2 of 5 domains. Logistic regression predicted impairment within domains and overall readiness. RESULTS: The ADHD group demonstrated significantly worse mean scores on 8 of 10 component measures and greater odds of impairment in all domains except for cognition and general knowledge. Overall, 79% of the ADHD group and 13% of the comparison group had school readiness impairment (odds ratio 21, 95% confidence interval 5.67-77.77, P , .001). CONCLUSIONS: Preschoolers with ADHD symptoms are likely to have impaired school readiness. We recommend early identification of school readiness impairment by using a comprehensive 5-domain framework in children with ADHD symptoms paired with targeted intervention to improve outcomes. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Children with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at high risk for poor educational outcomes. School readiness impairment in preschoolers predicts poor academic achievement in late elementary school. Data are limited regarding the association between ADHD and school readiness. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Using a comprehensive, 5-domain school readiness assessment, preschoolers with ADHD symptoms demonstrated significantly higher odds of school readiness impairment compared with the comparison group. We recommend early identification and intervention to improve the adverse educational outcomes associated with ADHD.

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“…Households across the United States were randomly sampled and contacted by mail in order to identify those with at least one child under the age of 18. In each household, one child was randomly selected to be the subject of the survey 33 . The invitation to participate in the survey asked an adult in the household who is familiar with the child's health and health care (usually the parent) to complete a short screener questionnaire either via paper or the Internet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental incarceration and children's oral health in the United States: Findings from the 2016‐2018 National Survey of Children's Health

Testa

Jackson

2020

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objective This study aimed to examine the association between parental incarceration and children's oral health in the United States and assess the degree to which household socioeconomic factors, children's healthcare insurance and oral healthcare utilization/preventive care explain this association. Methods Using data from the 2016‐2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH; N = 99 962), a series of logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between parental incarceration and a variety of children's oral health conditions. The Karlson‐Holm‐Breen method was used to assess the degree to which household socioeconomic factors, children's healthcare insurance and oral healthcare utilization/preventive care visits reduced the association between parental incarceration and children's oral health. Results Results from logistic regression analyses demonstrated that net of control variables, children of incarcerated parents have significantly worse oral health including poor or fair teeth condition (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.23‐3.29), toothaches (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.36‐2.18), gum bleeding (2.12, 95% CI = 1.52‐2.94), cavities/tooth decay (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.26‐1.77) and are more likely to have unmet dental care needs (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.28‐2.46). Attenuation analyses demonstrated this relationship is partially explained by household material hardship and children's health insurance. Conclusions Parental incarceration is associated with worse oral health and unmet dental care needs. Household material hardship and children's health insurance partially attenuate this association. Efforts to expand oral health literacy to incarceration‐exposed parents, and policies that buffer against material hardship and inadequacies in children's health insurance may be useful for improving oral health of children whose parents have been incarcerated.

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School Readiness among U.S. Children: Development of a Pilot Measure

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

Household food insecurity and school readiness among preschool-aged children in the USA

School Readiness in Preschoolers With Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Parental incarceration and children's oral health in the United States: Findings from the 2016‐2018 National Survey of Children's Health

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