School Hygiene and Public Health in Salvador (1925-1930)

Abstract

This article analyzes how School Hygiene proposals were put into practice by the Bahia Child and School Hygiene Directorate, in the city of Salvador, during the Sanitary Reform of Bahia (1925-1930). Reports from the Undersecretary and Secretary of Health and Public Assistance, reports from the Child and School Hygiene Directorate, a medical thesis and a message from the governor are used as sources. The documents are analyzed as monuments, that is, bearers of the intention of the individuals who produced them, as highlighted by Jacques Le Goff (2003). It is understood that the Sanitary Reform of Bahia contributed to the improvement of School Hygiene by inspecting institutions, carrying out examinations, and assisting poor children assisted at the School Dispensary. Although Health Education was considered the main instrument to promote health improvement, it encountered obstacles in the difficult material living conditions of black women and children in Salvador.