School governance in Nepal: A perspective of new public management theory

Abstract

School Management Committees have the tasks to maintain good governance of public schools in Nepal. The School Management Committees are driven by the New Public Management theory. The theory advocates for the transformation of public administration into public management which began in Nepal in 1990 A.D. and has continued thereafter. The purpose of this article is to identify the changes in the application of New Public Management theory in school governance through the perspective of power-sharing between communities and local governments. In this study, I have applied the narrative policy review method to gather evidences and enrich the discussion. I have presented some discussion notes to show that the School Management Committee model was practiced with the engagements of parents and communities from 2003 to 2016 A.D. After 2015, the active role of the parents and communities in school governance was shifted to the jurisdiction of local governments, which I have concluded as an alteration in the New Public Management model. I recommend that the core and leading engagement of parents and communities in school governance should be ensured for the good governance of schools in Nepal, in which local governments can act as a watchdog. The study, carried out based on New Public Management theoretical referent, is helpful to scholars to understand the change in the application of New Public Management theory through the perspective of school governance in Nepal.

Exploring the Implementation of Good Governance in Community School: A Case Study

“…In the name of the nationalization of education, NESP minimized the role of community and shifted the whole responsibility of school governance to the central government and the bureaucratic model of governance was in practice. Later in 1990, National Education Commission advocated for the engagement of the community in school governance (Adhikari, 2022). The seventh amendment of the Education Act-1971 has made community people responsible to govern public schools through the formation of the School Management Committee [SMC] and Parents Teachers Association [PTA] from the representatives of parents, teachers, and community stakeholders.…”