School Desegregation and White Flight

Rossell, Christine H.

doi:10.2307/2148750

Cited by 92 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…These findings were challenged by other studies (Mercer and Scout 1974;Farley 1975;Pettigrew and Green 1976;Rossell 1976). The assessment of school desegregation and white flight is complicated by other demographic and economic conditions that may reinforce population redistribution (Taeuber and Wilson 1978;Henderson 2002).…”

Section: School Desegregation and White Flightmentioning

confidence: 95%

School Segregation in Metropolitan Regions, 1970–2000: The Impacts of Policy Choices on Public Education

Oakley

Stowell

2008

American Journal of Sociology

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It has been argued that the effects of the desegregation of public schools from the late 1960s onward were limited and short-lived, in part because of white flight from desegregating districts and in part because legal decisions in the 1990s released many districts from court orders. Data presented here for 1970-2000 show that small increases in segregation between districts were outweighed by larger declines within districts. Progress was interrupted but not reversed after 1990. Desegregation was not limited to districts and metropolitan regions where enforcement actions required it, and factors such as private schooling, district size, and inclusion of both city and suburban areas within district boundaries had stronger effects than individual court mandates.Few court decisions have affected American society as deeply as the mandate to desegregate public schools issued in the 1954 case Brown v. Board of Education. A common view in the 1950s was that "you can't force integration." The experience of the last 50 years provides a test of that view. How has school segregation changed during this period? Where has there been progress, and how has change been shaped by policy choices about how public education is organized in different parts of the country? This study provides an updated evaluation of how court orders and federal intervention affected segregation within school districts in the post-Brown period, arguing that a "regime of desegregation" was established in the period from 1970 to 2000, under which actual desegregation progress did not depend directly on mandates.Although most scholars have focused on the policies of individual school districts and on court decisions that have been implemented at the district level (e.g., Orfield and Monfort 1992), this study treats school segregation as a metropolis-wide phenomenon. A large share of overall segregation, possibly more than half, is attributable to racial disparities between districts (Rivkin 1994;Clotfelter 1999;Reardon, Yun, and Eitle 2000). Accounting for segregation between districts is critical for assessments of the effectiveness of desegregation policies, because desegregation cannot increase interracial contact if it motivates white families to abandon racially mixed school districts. Many analysts from the 1960s to the

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Section: School Desegregation and White Flightmentioning

confidence: 95%

School Segregation in Metropolitan Regions, 1970–2000: The Impacts of Policy Choices on Public Education

Oakley

Stowell

2008

American Journal of Sociology

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“…Some evidence suggests that racial desegregation efforts also contributed to increasing between-district segregation as a result of so-called white flight: the movement of white families to districts with fewer blacks to avoid racially integrated schools (Coleman et al 1975, Rossell 1976, Farley et al 1980, Wilson 1985. Although some of the decline in white enrollments in desegregating districts can be attributed to declining white birth rates and ongoing suburbanization trends, several studies suggest that white flight in response to desegregation also played a substantial role (Welch & Light 1987, Reber 2005.…”

Section: Factors Shaping Trends In School Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

60 Years AfterBrown: Trends and Consequences of School Segregation

2014

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Since the Supreme Court's 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, researchers and policy makers have paid close attention to trends in school segregation. Here we review the evidence regarding trends and consequences of both racial and economic school segregation since Brown. The evidence suggests that the most significant declines in black-white school segregation occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. There is disagreement about the direction of more recent trends in racial segregation, largely driven by how one defines and measures segregation. Depending on the definition used, segregation has either increased substantially or changed little, although there are important differences in the trends across regions, racial groups, and institutional levels. Limited evidence on school economic segregation makes documenting trends difficult, but students appear to be more segregated by income across schools and districts today than in 1990. We also discuss the role of desegregation litigation, demographic changes, and residential segregation in shaping trends in both racial and economic segregation. We develop a general conceptual model of how and why school segregation might affect students and review the relatively thin body of empirical evidence that explicitly assesses the consequences of school segregation. We conclude with a discussion of aspects of school segregation on which further research is needed. 9.1

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“…Christine Rossell (1975) examined 86 school districts in an attempt to determine the impact of court-ordered school desegregation on White flight. Christine Rossell (1975) examined 86 school districts in an attempt to determine the impact of court-ordered school desegregation on White flight.…”

Section: Policy Outputs and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Science and Education Research: An Exploratory Look at Two Political Science Journals

Orr

2004

Educational Researcher

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A systematic and longitudinal analysis of all of the education-related articles published in two of political science's oldest journals reveals that political science has aided our knowledge of education by focusing on the distribution of power in the decision-making process, the organization and governance of public school systems, and the outcomes and effects of education policy decisions. Moreover, the present data suggest that only a tiny fraction of the major articles published in traditional political science journals have focused on education and that those political scientists conducting education research turn to multidisciplinary education journals as outlets for their scholarship.

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School Desegregation and White Flight

Cited by 92 publications

References 0 publications

School Segregation in Metropolitan Regions, 1970–2000: The Impacts of Policy Choices on Public Education

School Segregation in Metropolitan Regions, 1970–2000: The Impacts of Policy Choices on Public Education

60 Years AfterBrown: Trends and Consequences of School Segregation

Political Science and Education Research: An Exploratory Look at Two Political Science Journals

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