School day and weekend patterns of physical activity in urban 11‐year‐olds: A cross‐cultural comparison

Jurak, Gregor; Sorić, Maroje; Starc, Gregor; Kovač, Marjeta; Mišıgoj-Duraković, Marjeta; Borer, Katarina T.; Strel, Janko

doi:10.1002/ajhb.22637

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The average decrease of MVPA in girls was 41% compared to boys, who experienced a 7% decrease. The decrease of MVPA during early adolescence and especially in girls [82,83] was expected since such trends have been observed also in other studies [13,16,84,85]. The findings from the present study concur with a comparative study between Denmark, Portugal, Estonia, and Norway, which discovered decreasing MVPA in pre-adolescents, which was more pronounced in boys (approx.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…20%) [86]. Similar findings have also been noticed by Jurak et al [85] in a comparative study on PA of 11-year-old children from Ljubljana (Slovenia), Zagreb (Croatia) and Ann Arbour (USA). Boys from Ljubljana and Zagreb were physically more active than girls, although more than 90% of adolescents reached the WHO PA recommendations during the weekdays and more than 85% during weekends.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Decline of physical activity in early adolescence: A 3-year cohort study

et al. 2020

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This study analyses the changes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a cohort of boys and girls aged 11 (n = 50) and 14 (n = 50). Physical activity was assessed with Bodymedia SenseWear Pro Armband monitor for 6 days in October 2013 and October 2016, considering 90% of daily wear time (21h and 40min). The initial sample (n = 160) included the children who wore the monitors at age 11 but the final analyzed sample included only those children from the initial sample (n = 50), whose data fulfilled the inclusion criteria at age 11 and 14. Physical fitness and somatic characteristics of the final sample (n = 50) were compared to a representative sample of Slovenian schoolchildren at ages 11 (n = 385) and 14 (n = 236) to detect possible bias. Changes in MVPA were controlled for maturity using the timing of adolescent growth spurt as its indicator. The average MVPA decreased more than one quarter (34.96 min) from age 11 to age 14. Children were significantly more active at age 11 than at age 14 (p < 0.01, d = 0.39). The timing of puberty onset in girls was significantly earlier (12.01 ± 1.0 years) (p < 0.01) than in boys (13.2 ± 0.75 years) (p < 0.01, d = 1.35). There was a significant gender difference in moderate-to vigorous physical activity at age 14 (p < 0.05, η 2 = 0.12) and between moderate-to vigorous physical activity at age 11 and 14 (η 2 = 0.11). After controlling for the timing of adolescent growth spurt the girls at age 11 showed significantly higher level of physical activity than at age 14 (p < 0.01, η 2 = 0.17). Early adolescence is crucial for the development of physical activity behaviours, which is especially pronounced in girls. The significant decline of MVPA between ages 11 and 14 in Slovenia are likely influenced by environmental changes since the timing of adolescent growth spurt did not prove as a factor underlying the decline of MVPA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Decline of physical activity in early adolescence: A 3-year cohort study

et al. 2020

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“…32 Nevertheless, although children in Slovenia meet all PA international recommendations, they could improve on being more active during weekends. 15,33 Slovenia has very well-organized educational and sports systems; however, this over-reliance on structured support may lead to underdeveloped competencies for self-organized spontaneous play in children. Organized PA in the form of PE, extracurricular sports programs, and club-based sports participation are also oriented toward the use of indoor sports facilities, and in this sense, may inadvertently educate children to perceive PA mostly as activity linked to sports infrastructure and organized play.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Combined data of younger (age 6-11 y) and older age groups (12-18 y) find that 86% of boys and 76% of girls meet PA guidelines. When stratified by activity on weekdays, 82% of boys and 72% of girls (all ages) meet PA recommendations, respectively.…”

Section: Overall Physical Activity: A-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Results From the Republic of Slovenia’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

Sember¹,

Starc²,

Jurak³

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background:This is the first assessment of the Republic of Slovenia’s efforts to synthesize and report physical activity (PA) standards for children and youth following the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance grading system model.Methods:The Republic of Slovenia Report Card relies on research findings published in peer-reviewed journals, data compiled from national databases, and government initiatives which have been monitoring physical fitness standards in schools for the past 34 years (SLOfit and ACDSi). The Report Card initiative has been jointly coordinated by the University of Primorska and the University of Ljubljana. A Research Work Group consisting of 12 representatives from various aspects of Slovenia’s public, private, and government sectors convened to evaluate evidence and assign grades for each PA indicator.Results:Grades (A, highest, to F, lowest; INC, incomplete) for Slovenia are as follows: Overall Physical Activity (A-), Organized Sport Participation (B-), Active Play (D), Active Transportation (C), Sedentary Behaviors (B+), Family and Peers (INC), Schools (A), Community and the Built Environment (INC), and Government (B+).Conclusions:This inclusive PA report indicates that overall physical activity minutes remain high in Slovenian children and youth; however, more research is needed to determine the effects of family life, peer influences, and the built environment on active play behaviors.

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“…• Sports and physical activities levels of Slovenian children and youth (Jurak, Kovač, & Strel, 2002a, 2002bJurak et al, 2003;Strel et al, 2007;Jurak et al, 2014;Sorić et al, 2014), • Excusing from PE lessons (Jurak & Kovač, 2011a, 2011b, • Sports talented youth in Slovenian educational system (Jurak et al, 2005), • Lifestyles of Slovenian high school students (Jurak, 2006), • Environmental factors of physical activity of primary school students , • Competency of PE teachers (Kovač, Sloan, & Starc, 2008), • Comparison of physical fitness of Slovenian and Serbian young people (Jurak et al, 2011a), • The analysis of school sports area with guidelines for further investments (Jurak et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support of Science for Political Decisions about Physical Education in Slovenia

Jurak¹,

Kovač²,

Starc³

et al. 2014

sgia

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The changes in Physical Education (PE) curriculum, amount of PE lessons, number of students in class, improvement in class environment, amount and competency of PE teachers and increase of extra-curricular and out-of school sport programmes have effects on physical fitness of young people. It is very important to have special concern about this factors/systematic measures in public schools to ensure more equal opportunities for each child.

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School day and weekend patterns of physical activity in urban 11‐year‐olds: A cross‐cultural comparison

Abstract: Weekends seem to be an appropriate target when promoting PA in 11-year-olds in all the cities included in the study. Increasing vigorous activity on weekends seems to be of particular importance in Zagreb and Ljubljana.

Cited by 14 publications

References 63 publications

Decline of physical activity in early adolescence: A 3-year cohort study

Decline of physical activity in early adolescence: A 3-year cohort study

Results From the Republic of Slovenia’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

Support of Science for Political Decisions about Physical Education in Slovenia

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