School Bullying Victimization and Associated Factors Among School-Aged Adolescents in China

Abstract

There has been a significant amount of research on correlates of bullying victimization, but most prior studies are descriptive and do not distinguish between different types of bullying. The current study used a case-control study design to explore factors related to different types of bullying victimization, including physical, relational, verbal, sexual, property, and poly-bullying victimization. This study was conducted in a southern city in China, including 3054 cases who self-reported being victims of school bullying and 3054 controls who reported not being involved in any school bullying in the past 12 months. Each victim case was matched with a control on gender, school, and grade level. Univariate logistic analyses and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with being a victim of school bullying. Results suggest physical bullying victimization was only associated with a family-level characteristic (parenting style) while the other four types of bullying victimization (relational, verbal, sexual, and property bullying) and poly-bullying victimization were associated with multiple social domain variables at individual, family, and school levels. Findings from this study provide evidence of factors for different types of bullying victimization and have implications for potential measures to prevent bullying. Measures from multiple social domains, including individual, family and school (e.g., developing healthy behaviors, improving social skills, positive parent-child interactions, building trust between teachers and peers, and forming strong friendships), should be considered in order to effectively prevent adolescent victimization from bullying.

Are Rural–Urban Differences in Bullying and Poly-Bullying Victimization Associated with Internet Addiction or Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents in Jiangsu Province of China

“…Rural adolescents lacking close parental supervision and protection were more vulnerable to bullying victimization due in part to their lack of self-esteem, sense of security, or unhealthy lifestyles [66,[79][80][81]. Furthermore, the current study indicated that rural adolescents living in a nuclear family and not boarding at school experienced a higher risk of poly-bullying victimization than their urban counterparts, which to some extent was not surprising because poly-bullying victimization was associated with paternal problematic behaviors such as excessive alcohol consumption [82]. Previous literature also indicated that rural parents were more likely to have mental disorders and problematic behaviors, and even abuse their children [22,83,84].…”

Predicting Risk of Bullying Victimization among Primary and Secondary School Students: Based on a Machine Learning Model

“…Previous studies have found that physical bullying victimization is associated with family domains (i.e., parenting style). In contrast, relational and verbal bullying victimization is associated with multiple social domains (e.g., not being an only child, poor relationships with classmates) [89]. Future research can provide a more detailed analysis of different types of bullying victimization and explore whether different types have distinct predictive factors.…”