School Behavior in Adolescent Children of Parents With Mental Disorder

Janes, Cynthia L.; Weeks, David G.; Worland, Julien

doi:10.1097/00005053-198304000-00005

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…In agreement with previous studies, we found that offspring of patients with schizophrenia exhibited poorer school performance compared with offspring of parents with no diagnosis (Fisher et al 1980; Janes et al 1983; Ayalon & Merom, 1985). Importantly, we also studied the putative mechanisms for this association; our data suggest that the association between parental schizophrenia and poorer offspring academic performance is primarily due to genetic factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Several studies also suggest that children with parents suffering from schizophrenia have lower school competence as rated by peers and teachers (Fisher et al . 1980), lower motivation and more behavior problems (Janes et al . 1983), and poorer mathematical reasoning (Ayalon & Merom, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Offspring of patients with schizophrenia more often have social and cognitive disadvantages than offspring of non-schizophrenic parents, including lower IQ (David et al 1997; Kremen et al 1998; Davidson et al 1999), greater attention deficits (Lifshitz et al 1985; Sohlberg, 1985; Erlenmeyer-Kimling & Cornblatt, 1992), higher incidence of speech impairment (DeLisi et al 1991; Jones et al 1994), difficulties with social adjustment (Walker et al 1993; Bearden et al 2000) and higher risk of schizophrenia (McDonald & Murphy, 2003). Several studies also suggest that children with parents suffering from schizophrenia have lower school competence as rated by peers and teachers (Fisher et al 1980), lower motivation and more behavior problems (Janes et al 1983), and poorer mathematical reasoning (Ayalon & Merom, 1985). Researchers have used children of twin studies to investigate the mechanisms for the higher incidence of schizophrenia disorder among offspring of patients with schizophrenia (Gottesman & Bertelsen, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poor school performance in offspring of patients with schizophrenia: what are the mechanisms?

et al. 2011

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Background Offspring to patients with schizophrenia exhibit poorer school performance compared to offspring of non-schizophrenic parents. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms behind this association. Methods We linked longitudinal national population registers in Sweden and compared school performance among offspring to schizophrenic parents to offspring of non-schizophrenic parents (N=1,439,215 with final grades from compulsory school 1988–2006). To investigate the mechanisms, we studied offspring to schizophrenic patients and controls within the same extended families. We investigated genetic effects by stratifying analyses of parent-child associations according to genetic relatedness (half-cousins, full cousins, and half-siblings). Environmental effects were investigated by comparing school performance of offspring to schizophrenic fathers and to schizophrenic mothers, respectively, and by stratifying the analyses according to environmental relatedness while controlling genetic relatedness (paternal and maternal half-cousins, paternal and maternal half-siblings). Results Offspring to parents with schizophrenia had poorer overall school performance than unrelated offspring to non-schizophrenic parents (−0.31 SD). Variability in genetic relatedness greatly moderated the strength of the within-family association (β=−0.23 within exposure-discordant half-cousins, β=−0.13 within exposure-discordant full cousins, and β=0.04 within exposure-discordant half-siblings), while no evidence was found that the environment affected offspring school performance. Conclusions Genetic factors account for poorer school performance in children of parents with schizophrenia. This supports that cognitive deficits found in individuals with schizophrenia and their relatives might be genetically inherited. Early detection of prodromal signs and impaired functioning of offspring to patients with schizophrenia could lead to earlier and better tailored interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poor school performance in offspring of patients with schizophrenia: what are the mechanisms?

et al. 2011

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“…The children in the URCAFS study, all of whom had a parent with a history of serious psychiatric illness, were rated as somewhat less competent than their classmates on some factors. This is in accordance with the findings of other high‐risk studies (Janes, Weeks, & Worland, 1983; Weintraub, Neale, & Liebert, 1975). Such children may be genetically vulnerable to adult psychosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Competence in Children at Risk for Psychopathology Predicted from Confirmatory and Disconfirmatory Family Communication

Wichstrøm

Holte

Husby³

et al. 1993

Family Process

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The relationship between confirmation/disconfirmation in parental and family communication and offspring social competence was examined in 59 families in which at least one of the parents had been hospitalized for a functional psychiatric disorder. Communication samples were obtained using the Consensus Rorschach procedure both with parental couples and with parent-child family units. The communication was analyzed using the Confirmation-Disconfirmation Coding System (CONDIS). The competence at school of 7-and 10-year-old boys was rated by both peers and teachers. Competence at home was rated by the parents. The results indicated that the more competent the high-risk children were, both at school and at home, the more their family communicated in confirmatory ways and the less they communicated in disconfirmatory ways. Furthermore, although the parental couple CONDIS score and the family CONDIS score were modestly correlated, each contributed separately to the prediction of offspring competence. These communication data were not significantly related to parental psychopathology, neither severity of parental impairment nor the diagnosis of the patient-parent.

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“…There is general agreement that the development of self-concept largely occurs within the social context and is deeply infl uenced by the evaluations, feedback and appraisals of signifi cant others in an individual's life (Knap & Knap, 1976). Self-concept has been associated with functioning in diverse areas such as interpersonal relationships, academic achievement, as well as maladjustment, depression and anxiety (Janes et al, 1983;Walker et al, 1989). It has been found that self-esteem is strongly negatively correlated with distress and depression (Rosenberg, 1985), while individuals with high perceptions of self-worth and self-esteem are thought to cope better with stress and confl icts in relationships (Pearlin et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%