School-age children and adolescents suspected of having been to be infected with pertussis in Japan

Yasui, Yosuke; Mitsui, Toshikatsu; Nishimura, Tomoyasu; Uchida, Keiko; Inokuchi, Mikako; Mori, Masaaki; Tokumura, Mitsuaki; Nakayama, Tetsuo

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.01.048

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In 2015, those were 37.4%, 61.3%, and 75.7% for age group 6–7, 12–13, and 18–19 years, respectively. [ 19 ] A survey in Estonia showed that 48.7% of children younger than 18 years had anti-PT IgG in undetectable concentrations. In this study, only 3.6% of subjects aged 9–14 years were positive for anti-PT IgG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis among a nationally representative sample of Iranian pediatric population: The childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult noncommunicable disease-V study

et al. 2021

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Background: Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable respiratory infection and seroepidemiology of the infection could be a marker of the pertussis immunity in a population. In many countries, despite vaccination coverage, high prevalence of pertussis has been observed. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody against pertussis and the role of demographic and anthropometric variables on the immunity rate in the Iranian pediatric population to evaluate the impact of existing immunization program in order to envisage future vaccination strategies to prevent infection. Methods: In a cross-sectional multi-centric study, 1593 samples of the students aged 7–18 years, who had been enrolled in a national survey (Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Noncommunicable disease-V), were randomly selected and tested for IgG antibody against Bordetella pertussis (BP) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The age, gender, education, residency, geographical region, and body mass index (BMI) were extracted from the questionnaires of the COSPIAN-Survey. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between the variables with the IgG antibody against BP. Data were presented by odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and P values (P): (OR [95% CI]; P). Results: Subjects were consisted of 774 boys and 750 girls, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 12.39 (3.03) years. Overall, BP seroprevalence was 59.8%. There were higher BMI values in seronegative ones versus seropositive (18.62 ± 4.07 vs. 18.15 ± 3.94, P = 0.041, 95% CI = 0.23 [0.02–0.92]). However, the categorized BMI for age was not significantly associated with IgG levels (0.27 [0.25–0.29]; 0.27). BP seroprevalence was not significantly different between geographical regions (0.06 [0.05–0.07]; 0.06), genders (1.17 [0.93–1.47]; 0.18), area of residence (1.07 [0.82–1.4]; 0.61), and educational levels (0.94 [0.75–1.19]; 0.62). Conclusion: IgG antibody against pertussis was not detected in nearly 40% of the subjects who had history of vaccination against pertussis. It is recommended to monitor the incidence of pertussis in high-risk populations closely and administer a booster dose of acellular pertussis vaccine in adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis among a nationally representative sample of Iranian pediatric population: The childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult noncommunicable disease-V study

et al. 2021

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“…In Japan, the fourth dose of the DTaP vaccine is usually administered before 2 years of age, with no further opportunity for routine vaccination. Therefore, the positive rate of anti-pertussis toxin antibodies begins to decrease with school age, suggesting the need for additional vaccination against pertussis (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine in Adults in Japan

et al. 2021

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Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is generally used for booster vaccination of infants in Europe and the United States to avoid increased reactogenicity after diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccination. However, Japan has extended the use of additional DTaP vaccination without reducing the antigen dose for diphtheria and pertussis in adolescents and adults, despite limited reports on its safety in adults. This prospective, observational, questionnaire-based study investigated the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) following DTaP vaccination between June 2018 and June 2019 in participants aged 10 years or older. Of the 250 eligible participants, 235 (94%) responded regarding AEs. Among them, 133 (56.6%) reported AEs, of which 39 reported systemic AEs (16.6%) and 120 reported local AEs (51.1%) attributed to DTaP vaccination. The incidence of local AEs was markedly higher with DTaP vaccination than with non-DTaP vaccination (51.1% vs. 10.5%), and AEs appeared later (P < 0.01) and lasted longer (P < 0.01) with DTaP vaccination. However, more than 75% of these AEs resolved within 7 days. DTaP vaccination was not associated with any serious AEs. These results indicate that the DTaP vaccine can be widely used as a booster in adults as an alternative to the Tdap vaccine.

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“…Studies supporting this contact rate pattern have been conducted in Japan and the Netherlands. In Japan, elementary school children have been found to be more vulnerable to pertussis than junior high school students due to their lower exposure rate to pertussis [ 33 ]. Similarly, in the Netherlands, children who completed their 5-dose vaccination series were found to already have sufficiently high-level immunity at 9 years old owing to natural immunity boosting [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent increase in pertussis incidence in Korea: an age-period-cohort analysis

Kim

Cho

2021

Epidemiol Health

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Objectives Pertussis or whooping cough, one of the most contagious diseases, is caused by the gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Despite the high vaccination rate, South Korea recently experienced a resurgence of pertussis. This study explores the patterns and possible explanations of the resurgence of pertussis in South Korea using age-period-cohort analysis.Methods Using secondary data from the infectious disease portal of Korea Disease Prevention & Control Agency and Korea Statistical Information Service of Statistics Korea, this study analyzed the incidence of pertussis in South Korea to determine the factors contributing to the recent phenomenon using an age-periodcohort model. ResultsAge effects indicated the most vulnerable age group to pertussis as those aged 0-2 years. The period effect showed a sharp increase after 2016. With the cohort effect, a significant decrease was observed from the beginning till the 1955 birth cohort. However, the risk started to increase again with the 2000s birth cohort.Conclusions Three main possible explanations for our results are consistent with previous studies. First, the occurrence of pertussis was attributed to the contact rates. Second, opportunity for boosting immunity through natural exposure to the pathogen decreased due to the reduced number of circulating pathogens, in turn affecting the trend of pertussis. Lastly, the recent trends were also explained by variations in pathogens. Considering that the most significant increase in the incidence occurred in infants aged below 1 year, it is important to establish sufficient maternal immunity to provide passive immunity via the placenta for the infants.

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School-age children and adolescents suspected of having been to be infected with pertussis in Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis among a nationally representative sample of Iranian pediatric population: The childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult noncommunicable disease-V study

Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis among a nationally representative sample of Iranian pediatric population: The childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult noncommunicable disease-V study

Safety of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine in Adults in Japan

Recent increase in pertussis incidence in Korea: an age-period-cohort analysis

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