Schmallenberg virus: A new Shamonda/Sathuperi-like virus on the rise in Europe

Garigliany, Mutien-Marie; Bayrou, Calixte; Kleijnen, Déborah; Cassart, Dominique; Jolly, Sandra; Lindén, Annick; Desmecht, Daniël

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.05.014

Cited by 77 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…RT-qPCR is the standard method of detecting 157 SBV in lambs, kids and calves (Garigliany et al, 2012). To date, there is no evidence that 158 SBV is zoonotic (Garigliany et al, 2012). Schmallenberg virus is closely related to Akabane 159 virus (Hahn et al, 2012), and studies of the congenital abnormalities resulting from fetal 160…”

Section: Introduction 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…49 Since infection with other pathogens may result in comparable lesions, infection with 155 SBV requires confirmation by the demonstration of virus in the cerebrum and brain stem, 156 amniotic fluid and/or meconium (OIE, 2012). RT-qPCR is the standard method of detecting 157 SBV in lambs, kids and calves (Garigliany et al, 2012). To date, there is no evidence that 158 SBV is zoonotic (Garigliany et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introduction 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory diagnosis of ruminant abortion in Europe

Borel

Frey

Gottstein

et al. 2014

The Veterinary Journal

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Abortion in ruminants is a major cause of economic loss worldwide, and the management and control of outbreaks is important in limiting their spread, and in preventing zoonotic infections. Given that rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis is central to controlling abortion outbreaks, the submission of tissue samples to laboratories offering the most appropriate tests is essential. Direct antigen and/or DNA detection methods are the currently preferred methods of reaching an aetiological diagnosis, and ideally these results are confirmed by the demonstration of corresponding macroscopic and/or histopathological lesions in the fetus and/or the placenta. However, the costs of laboratory examinations may be considerable and, even under optimal conditions, the percentage of aetiological diagnoses reached can be relatively low. This review focuses on the most commonly occurring and important abortifacient pathogens of ruminant species in Europe highlighting their epizootic and zoonotic potential. The performance characteristics of the various diagnostic methods used, including their specific advantages and limitations, are discussed.

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Section: Introduction 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnosis of ruminant abortion in Europe

Borel

Frey

Gottstein

et al. 2014

The Veterinary Journal

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“…The seasonal peak of the transplacental SBV infections coincided with the peaks of the BTV-8 infections observed in 2006 and 2007 as well as with the maximum levels of BTV-8-infected biting midges detected in 2007. Current knowledge of the epidemiology of the phylogenetically closest relatives of the SBV (Shamonda, Sathuperi, Aino and Akabane viruses) is not exhaustive enough to predict whether the current outbreak of Schmallenberg virus is the prelude to endemicity or to a two year-long outbreak before the infection "burns out" when serologically naïve animals are no longer available (Garigliany et al 2012b). It is possible that cyclic epizootic reemergences may occur in future, either synchronised with a global decrease of herd immunity or due to antigenic variants escaping the immunity acquired against their predecessors.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on Schmallenberg virus infection: a newly emerging disease of cattle, sheep and goats

Pawaiya¹,

Gupta²

2013

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Schmallenberg virus (SBV) infection is an emerging infectious disease of ruminants first described in Germany in November, 2011. Since then it has spread very rapidly to several European countries. The disease is characterised by fever, reduced milk production and diarrhoea in cattle and abortions, stillbirths and foetal abnormalities in sheep and goats. SBV is an enveloped, negative-sense, segmented, single-stranded RNA virus, classified in the genus Orthobunyavirus of the Bunyaviridae family, and is closely related to Akabane, Ainoa and Shamonda viruses. As of now there is no vaccine available for SBV, which poses a serious threat to naive ruminant population. Owing to its recent discovery, our understanding of Schmallenberg viral disease and its pathology and pathogenesis is limited. This article reviews the data reported so far on this emerging disease with regard to aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathology, diagnosis and control and discusses the future scenario and implications of the disease.

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“…Affected fetuses often spontaneously abort and can display arthrogryposis, as well as malformations of the skull, spinal column, and brain including macrocephaly, kyphosis, scoliosis, torticollis, lordosis, cerebellar hypoplasia, hydrocephalus, and porencephaly. [18][19][20][21] Fetuses that go to full term can display a range of clinical signs ranging from malformations similar to aborted fetuses to morphologically normal animals with neurological signs such as ataxia, blindness, paralysis, exaggerated movements, and polioencephalomyelitis. 20,22 For wild ruminants, there is evidence that both red deer and roe deer have been exposed to Schmallenberg virus and develop an antibody response.…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20][21] Fetuses that go to full term can display a range of clinical signs ranging from malformations similar to aborted fetuses to morphologically normal animals with neurological signs such as ataxia, blindness, paralysis, exaggerated movements, and polioencephalomyelitis. 20,22 For wild ruminants, there is evidence that both red deer and roe deer have been exposed to Schmallenberg virus and develop an antibody response. 23 However, in this study, there was no evidence for viral RNA in deer or epizootics of congenital malformations.…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schmallenberg virus: continuing a trend?

Noad¹,

Brownlie²

2013

VAAT

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Abstract:Since its first isolation in Germany in 2011 the Schmallenberg strain of the Sathuperi virus has been detected across northern Europe. The virus is associated with neurological disease, abortion, and congenital deformities in ruminants, particularly among sheep and cattle. The rapid dissemination of the pathogen is reminiscent of the transmission of another midge-borne arbovirus, Bluetongue virus, which also spread to Europe on several separate occasions between 1998 and 2007. In this review we detail the characteristic features of the Schmallenberg virus and consider whether the virus highlights a European vulnerability for other midge-transmitted pathogens.

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Schmallenberg virus: A new Shamonda/Sathuperi-like virus on the rise in Europe

Cited by 77 publications

References 22 publications

Laboratory diagnosis of ruminant abortion in Europe

Laboratory diagnosis of ruminant abortion in Europe

A review on Schmallenberg virus infection: a newly emerging disease of cattle, sheep and goats

Schmallenberg virus: continuing a trend?

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