Schlieren Observation of Spark-Ignited Premixed Charge Combustion Phenomena Using a Transparent Collimating Cylinder Engine

Kozuka, Kazuhiro; Ozasa, Toshihiro; Fujikawa, Taketoshi; Saito, Akinori

doi:10.1115/1.1496774

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Finally, we have not yet compared the current lenscylinder-lens system to the approach taken by Toyota [20][21][22] [called the transparent collimating cylinder (TCC) by those authors]. On a conceptual level, the main difference between the two approaches is that the former separates the mechanical task of containing the cylinder pressure from the optical correction, while the latter integrates both in the same element by adapting the outer shape of the engine cylinder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Illumination was monochromatic at 488 nm (Ar-ion laser) with the visualized region covering 67% of the 83 mm bore. A second version of the cylinder was made from quartz glass with tighter manufacturing tolerances and correspondingly improved performance [20], but in two more recent publications the acrylic version was used [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second implementation is by a group from Toyota Research [20][21][22]. Here, the outer surface of the transparent engine cylinder itself was shaped to correct for beam divergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schlieren measurements in the round cylinder of an optically accessible internal combustion engine

2013

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This paper describes the design and experimental application of an optical system to perform schlieren measurements in the curved geometry of the cylinder of an optically accessible internal combustion engine. Key features of the system are a pair of cylindrical positive meniscus lenses, which keep the beam collimated while passing through the unmodified, thick-walled optical cylinder, and a pulsed, high-power light-emitting diode with narrow spectral width. In combination with a high-speed CMOS camera, the system is used to visualize the fuel jet after injection of hydrogen fuel directly into the cylinder from a high-pressure injector. Residual aberrations, which limit the system's sensitivity, are characterized experimentally and are compared to the predictions of ray-tracing software.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schlieren measurements in the round cylinder of an optically accessible internal combustion engine

2013

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“…From the theoretical deduction of the geometric optics in the Ref. 19, setting point O as the origin coordinate (0, 0), the length of OA2 is normalr0, the fixed window thickness value PQ is t0, and the distance of A2A3 is t. The derived coordinates of point normalA3 are given by the following equation: X=r0 cos θ1+t cos θ2Y=r0 sin θ1+t sin θ2.…”

Section: Schlieren Image Correction Of Conformal Optical Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of a conformal optical window pair by the quasi-quantitative Schlieren measurement in a cylindrical isolator

Dai

Chen

et al. 2023

Opt. Eng.

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.To realize the quasi-quantitative Schlieren measurement of the shock train structure across the cylindrical isolator in the supersonic flow field, based on the theory of Schlieren measurement and light transmission, we propose the design scheme of conformal windows and discuss the machining feasibility with the window’s parameters. The relationship between the Schlieren imaging effect, the deflection of parallel light in the Schlieren apparatus, and the conformal optical window aberrations was researched, putting forward the optical simulation model of the conformal optical windows and the quasi-quantitative Schlieren measurement. Moreover, considering the actual wind tunnel test conditions, under the speed of Mach 2 at the isolator’s inlet, the distortion brought by conformal optical windows in the Schlieren observation region was simulated by the computational fluid dynamics method. Finally, the image correction algorithm for the distorted picture caused by the conformal windows was presented, and the quasi-quantitative Schlieren measurement through the conformal optical window pair was conducted for the experimental verification. The results reveal the quasi-quantitative Schlieren measurement effect across the high-precision conformal optical window pair of the cylindrical isolator, providing guidance on maintaining the balance between the manufacturing feasibility and the observation performance of conformal windows.

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“…Several studies have been reported on in-cylinder combustion visualization of both spark-ignition and diesel engines. Kozuka et al (2003) presented high speed Schlieren photographs of combustion in a premixed charge gasoline engine. Bladh et al (2005) studied the flame propagation in a spark-ignition engine using laser-induced fluorescence of cool-flame species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-cylinder Combustion Visualization of a Direct-injection Spark-ignition Engine with Different Operating Conditions and Fuels

Mittal

Schock

Zhu

2012

SAE Technical Paper Series

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A direct-injection and spark-ignition single-cylinder engine with optical access to the cylinder was used for the combustion visualization study. Gasoline and ethanolgasoline blended fuels were used in this investigation. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of fuel injection pressure, injection timing and the number of injections on the in-cylinder combustion process. Two types of direct fuel injectors were used; (i) high-pressure production injector with fuel pressures of 5 and 10 MPa, and (ii) low-pressure production-intent injector with fuel pressure of 3 MPa. Experiments were performed at 1500 rpm engine speed with partial load. In-cylinder pressure signals were recorded for the combustion analyses and synchronized with the high-speed combustion imaging recording. Visualization results show that the flame growth is faster with the increment of fuel injection pressure. The mass fraction burned curves, calculated from the averaged in-cylinder pressure data, show that the burn duration is shorter for the higher fuel injection pressure. It is observed that with the advancement of the injection timing, the flame size increased faster than that of retarded injection timing. Comparing different fuels, it was found that the flame growth is much faster for ethanol-gasoline blended fuels than for gasoline.

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Schlieren Observation of Spark-Ignited Premixed Charge Combustion Phenomena Using a Transparent Collimating Cylinder Engine

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Schlieren measurements in the round cylinder of an optically accessible internal combustion engine

Schlieren measurements in the round cylinder of an optically accessible internal combustion engine

Design and simulation of a conformal optical window pair by the quasi-quantitative Schlieren measurement in a cylindrical isolator

In-cylinder Combustion Visualization of a Direct-injection Spark-ignition Engine with Different Operating Conditions and Fuels

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