Schizotypy and nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis use in a non-psychiatric sample

Esterberg, Michelle L.; Goulding, Sandra M.; Tone, Erin B.; Compton, Michael T.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.11.007

Cited by 51 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Inter-correlations between the SPQ domain scores, PAS score, and SAS score are shown in Table 3. Also, as previously reported (Esterberg et al, 2009), correlations between the four SPQ domains were quite high (r=.43-.84), though it should be noted that the highest correlation is largely driven by overlap among two subscales (paranoid ideation/suspiciousness and excessive social anxiety) in the paranoid and negative domains (the only overlapping domains).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

“…In particular, the standard 3-factor model of Raine et al (1994) Internal consistency reliability coefficients for domain scores derived using the best fitting 4-factor model ranged .81-.89 ( Table 3). As documented in a prior report on schizotypy and substance use in this sample (Esterberg et al, 2009), mean (± standard deviation) scores for the cognitive-perceptual, paranoid, negative, and disorganized subscales were 3.9±3.4, 9.8±5.6, 9.9±6.8, and 5.3±4.1, respectively. Correlations between the SPQ total score and the PAS and SAS were r=.38 and r=.30, respectively, and the correlation between PAS and SAS scores was r=.21.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Confirmation of a four-factor structure of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire among undergraduate students

Compton

Goulding

Bakeman

et al. 2009

Schizophrenia Research

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Objective Although several exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses have supported the initially proposed factor structure of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) in which its nine subscales are grouped into cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized domains, others have revealed different latent structures. This study determined the best-fitting factor structure from among five models that have been proposed in the literature, as well as five additional hierarchically related models.Method Undergraduate college students (n=825) completed the SPQ as well as the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS) and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS). Confirmatory factor analyses involving the nine SPQ subscales were conducted using the Linear Structural RelationsProgram (LISREL 8.72).Results The best fitting model was a previously described 4-factor model including cognitiveperceptual, paranoid, negative, and disorganized domains. Correlations between the derived SPQ domains and the PAS score ranged r=.26-.39, and correlations between the SPQ domains and the SAS ranged r=.07-.41. ConclusionsThe present findings support a 4-factor model over the standard 3-factor model that is typically used to derive SPQ subscale scores. The four derived domains are minimally to moderately correlated with other measures of psychosis-proneness.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Confirmation of a four-factor structure of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire among undergraduate students

Compton

Goulding

Bakeman

et al. 2009

Schizophrenia Research

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“…A varying degree of illegal and legal drug consumption along the SSp might explain heterogeneous findings when investigating the link between schizotypy and neuropsychological performance (Archie et al, 2007;Barnes et al, 2006;Esterberg et al, 2009;Gurpegui et al, 2004;Jones & Fernyhough, 2009;de Leon et al, 2002;Williams, Wellman, Allan, et al, 1996). In particular, it could be conjectured that neuropsychological impairments formerly associated with symptom dimensions are actually the result of drug use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Of particular interest to the present study is the enhanced consumption of readily available psychoactive substances as one moves along the SSp, such as i) tobacco in schizotypy (Esterberg, Goulding, McClure-Tone, & Compton, 2009;Williams, Wellman, Allan, et al, 1996) and schizophrenia patients (de Leon, Diaz, Rogers, Browne, & Dinsmore, 2002), ii) cannabis in schizotypy (Barkus, Stirling, Hopkins, & Lewis, 2006;Skosnik, Spatz-Glenn, & Park, 2001;Williams, Wellman, & Rawlins, 1996) and schizophrenia (Barnes, Mutsatsa, Hutton, Watt, & Joyce, 2006), and iii) caffeine in schizotypy (Jones & Fernyhough, 2009) and schizophrenia (Gurpegui, Aguilar, Martinez-Ortega, Diaz, & de Leon, 2004). While some authors have suggested that dopamineenhancing drugs such as nicotine (Montgomery, Lingford-Hughes, Egerton, Nutt, & Grasby, 2007;Murphy et al, 2002) might be involved in the development of psychosis or some aspects of it (Abi-Dargham et al, 1998;Moore et al, 2007;Smith et al, 2009), others suggest that at-risk individuals may use nicotine as means of self medication (Adler, Hoffer, Wiser, & Freedman, 1993;Kumari & Postma, 2005;Zabala et al, 2009;Zammit et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of tobacco consumption on the relationship between schizotypy and hemispheric asymmetry

Herzig

Tracy

Munafò

et al. 2010

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Tobacco use is positively associated with severity of symptoms along the schizophrenia spectrum. Accordingly it could be argued that neuropsychological performance, formerly thought to be modulated by schizotypy, is actually modulated by drug use or an interaction of drug use and schizotypy. We tested whether habitual cigarette smokers as compared to non-smokers would show a neuropsychological profile similar to that observed along the schizophrenia spectrum and, if so, whether smoking status or nicotine dependence would be more significant modulators of behavior than schizotypy. Because hemispheric dominance has been found to be attenuated along the schizophrenia spectrum, 40 right-handed male students (20 non-smokers) performed lateralized left- (lexical decisions) and right- (facial decision task) hemisphere dominant tasks. All individuals completed self-report measures of schizotypy and nicotine dependence. Schizotypy predicted laterality in addition to smoking status: While positive schizotypy (Unusual Experiences) was unrelated to hemispheric performance, Cognitive Disorganization predicted reduced left hemisphere dominant language functions. These latter findings suggest that Cognitive Disorganization should be regarded separately as a potentially important mediator of thought disorganization and language processing. Additionally, increasing nicotine dependence among smokers predicted a right hemisphere shift of function in both tasks that supports the role of the right hemisphere in compulsive/impulsive behavior.

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“…In a Norwegian study of substance abuse treatment retention several years ago, schizotypal traits predicted treatment dropout 87 , but we have not found more recent studies of schizotypal personality disorder and SUD treatment outcome. However, the strong cross-sectional relationship between schizotypal personality disorder and substance use disorders 22, 27, 88 is drawing increased attention 88 Given the interest in cannabis use as a risk factor for schizophrenia and the connection of schizotypal personality disorder to schizophrenia in the schizophrenia-spectrum domain, several cross-sectional studies examined the association between cannabis use and schizotypal symptoms, finding positive associations 89-95 . The only study among these to address time order found that the schizotypal symptoms preceded cannabis use 91 , suggesting that this association is not an artifact of cannabis effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders

Hasin

Fenton

Skodol

et al. 2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

184

100

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Context Little is known about the role of a broad range of personality disorders in the course of substance use disorder (SUD), and whether these differ by substance. The existing literature focuses mostly on antisocial personality disorder and does not come to clear conclusions. Objective To determine the association between the ten DSM-IV personality disorders and the persistence of common SUDs in a 3-year prospective study of a national sample. Design Data were drawn from participants in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) who had alcohol dependence (N=1,172), cannabis use disorder (N=454) or nicotine dependence (N=4,017) at baseline and who were re-interviewed three years later. Control variables included demographic characteristics, family history of substance disorders, baseline Axis I disorders and treatment status, and prior SUD duration. Main outcome measure Persistent SUD, defined as meeting full criteria for the relevant SUD throughout the 3-year follow-up period. Results Persistent SUD was found among 30.1% of participants with alcohol dependence, 30.8% with cannabis use disorder, and 56.6% with nicotine dependence at baseline. Axis I disorders did not have strong or consistent associations with persistent SUD. In contrast, antisocial personality disorder was significantly associated with persistent alcohol, cannabis and nicotine use disorders (adjusted odds ratios: 2.46-3.51), as was borderline personality disorder (adjusted odds ratios: 2.04-2.78) and schizotypal personality disorder (adjusted odds ratios: 1.65-5.90). Narcissistic, schizoid, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders were less consistently associated with SUD persistence. Conclusions The consistent findings on the association of antisocial, borderline and schizotypal personality disorders with persistent SUD indicates the importance of these personality disorders in understanding the course of SUD. Future studies should examine dimensional representations of personality disorders and the role of specific components of these disorders, biological and environmental contributors to these relationships, and potential applications of these findings to treatment development.

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Schizotypy and nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis use in a non-psychiatric sample

Abstract: Esterberg, Michael L.; Goulding, Sandra M.; McClure-Tone, Erin B.; and Compton, Michael T., "Schizotypy and Nicotine, Alcohol, and Cannabis Use in a Non-Psychiatric Sample" (2009). Psychology Faculty Publications. Paper 131.

Cited by 51 publications

References 20 publications

Confirmation of a four-factor structure of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire among undergraduate students

Confirmation of a four-factor structure of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire among undergraduate students

The influence of tobacco consumption on the relationship between schizotypy and hemispheric asymmetry

Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders

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