Schizotypal traits and their relation to rejection sensitivity in the general population: Their mediation by quality of life, agreeableness and neuroticism

Premkumar, Preethi; Onwumere, Juliana; Betts, Lucy R.; Kibowski, Fränze; Kuipers, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.002

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…This suggests that higher schizotypal traits may be associated with impairment in pleasure experience and emotion expressivity. Previous research has reported a correlation between interpersonal schizotypal trait and rejection sensitivity (Premkumar, Onwumere, Betts, Kibowski, & Kuipers, 2018) and expression of interpersonal insecurity (Lemay & Clark, 2008). Meanwhile, schizotypal individuals have been shown to have biases in perception, such as exaggerated perception of emotion in facial expressions (Uono, Sato, & Toichi, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypal and obsessive–compulsive traits: Co‐occurrence rate and relationship with executive function, emotion experience, and emotion expressivity in college students

et al. 2020

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Empirical findings suggest that there is an overlap between schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These disorders also have a high comorbidity rate. However, little is known about the impact of co-occurring schizotypal and obsessive-compulsive traits on executive function, emotion experience, and emotion expressivity in the normal population. The present study examined the prevalence of coexisting schizotypal and obsessive-compulsive traits and the relationship between these two traits in a sample of healthy college students. We also conducted a moderation analysis to explore the effect of these two type of traits on executive function, emotion experience, and emotion expressivity. We recruited 3,319 participants to complete the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R). A subset of them (n = 575) also completed the Chinese versions of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX), the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS), and the Emotional Expressivity Scale (EES). We found that the prevalence of co-occurring schizotypal and OCD traits was 3.33%. All the subscales of the SPQ and the OCI-R significantly correlated with each other. Both traits had a negative impact on executive function and emotion expressivity. The interaction between the disorganization dimension of schizotypal traits and OCD traits had a significant effect on executive function, but not emotion experience or emotion expressivity. This study was limited by its cross-sectional design and recruitment of only college students. These findings suggest that there is an approximately 3% rate of co-occurring schizotypal and obsessive-compulsive traits in a healthy college student sample. The interaction between these two types of traits may influence executive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypal and obsessive–compulsive traits: Co‐occurrence rate and relationship with executive function, emotion experience, and emotion expressivity in college students

et al. 2020

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“…denoting the 75% percentile of the unusual experiences (positive schizotypy) subscale of the O-LIFE according to the scale norms (Mason and Claridge, 2006). The current sample (68%) had a higher percentage of participants with high positive schizotypy (68%) than a large healthy sample (n=318; 36%) (Premkumar et al, 2018). The current sample also had a lower percentage of participants with low positive schizotypy (12%), defined as a score below 4 denoting the 25 th percentile of positive schizotypy, than the other healthy sample mentioned above (n=318; Premkumar et al, 2018; 29%).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In a milder and non-clinical form, people have schizotypal traits which refer to personality traits in the healthy population that are similar to psychosis to some extent, but suggest vulnerability for psychosis (Barrantes-Vidal et al, 2013). Schizotypy is the overall latent personality organisation and a theoretical construct denoting this vulnerability, while schizotypal traits are its measurable facets (Premkumar et al, 2018). Positive schizotypy consists of perceptual aberrations, hallucinatory experiences and magical thinking (Mason, Claridge & Jackson, 2006), many of which increase under situations of social threat (Green & Phillips, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural responses to criticism and praise vary with schizotypy and perceived emotional support

Premkumar

Santo

Onwumere

et al. 2019

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Schizotypy is a latent organisation of a cluster of personality styles, such as magical thinking, disorganisation and anhedonia, which are in the normal range of the psychosis continuum. Schizotypy relates to an increased likelihood of perceiving expressed emotion (EE). EE is characterised by criticism, rejection, and emotional over-involvement and less warmth from a close relative. Neuroimaging studies have found normal frontal lobe activation to EE-criticism in people with high schizotypy. Alternatively, electroencephalography measures emotion processing, such as frontal theta power and occipital alpha. Frontal theta power responds to cognitive and affective processes and occipital alpha power denotes less consciousness and emotional attention. This study aimed to determine the relation of these electroencephalography responses during criticism and praise to perceived emotional support. Participants (n=32) representing the full (low-to-high) range of positive schizotypy listened to and rated the self-relevance of EE-like criticism and praise and affectively neutral comments while undergoing electroencephalography. Participants completed self-report measures of schizotypy, depression and anxiety. A subset of those with a high positive schizotypy score (n=22) completed a measure of perceived EE-lack of emotional support. Higher perceived EE-lack of emotional support correlated with lower frontal theta power and lower occipital alpha power during criticism and praise in schizotypal participants. The findings suggest that these neural responses may relate to less perceived emotional support in people with high schizotypy, of which a reduction of frontal theta power denotes less emotional arousal and lower occipital alpha power denotes more alertness to emotional information.

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“…Disorganized schizotypy denotes social anxiety and communication disorder [52]. Disorganized schizotypy also relates to social stress [53][54][55] and social anxiety as rejection sensitivity [56]. In turn, disorganized schizotypy and social anxiety relate to poor recognition of anger [57,58].…”

Section: The Path From Disorganized Schizotypy To Depression and Aggrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The path from schizotypy to depression and aggression and the role of family stress

2020

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Background. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct that is linked to the vulnerability for psychosis. Positive schizotypy includes having paranormal beliefs. Negative schizotypy includes social anhedonia. Disorganized schizotypy includes social anxiety and communication disorder. Schizotypy relates to depression and aggression. Family stress from high expressed emotion (EE; a rating of criticism, hostility, and emotional overinvolvement in a close relative toward a person showing signs of mental disorder) may mediate the link between schizotypy, depression and aggression. This study tested, using path analyses, the hypotheses that schizotypy predicts depression and aggression through high perceived EE as criticism and irritability (hypothesis 1) and praise and intrusiveness in a close relative (hypothesis 2). Methods. One hundred and four healthy participants listened to and rated the self-relevance of standard criticism and standard praise that denote EE. Participants rated their level of schizotypy, depression, aggression, and perceived EE in self-report questionnaires. Two path models tested the hypotheses. Results. Disorganized schizotypy, more than positive schizotypy, predicted the path to depression and aggression when perceived criticism and perceived EE-irritability were mediators. Disorganised schizotypy, more than negative schizotypy, predicted the path to depression and aggression when perceived praise and perceived EE-intrusiveness were mediators. Conclusions. Greater perceived criticism and less perceived praise in family communication explain the path from disorganized schizotypy (more so than positive or negative schizotypy) to depression and aggression. These findings indicate a need to consider the thought disorder-EE link as a potential contributor to depression and aggression in people with schizophrenia.

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Schizotypal traits and their relation to rejection sensitivity in the general population: Their mediation by quality of life, agreeableness and neuroticism

Cited by 14 publications

References 71 publications

Schizotypal and obsessive–compulsive traits: Co‐occurrence rate and relationship with executive function, emotion experience, and emotion expressivity in college students

Schizotypal and obsessive–compulsive traits: Co‐occurrence rate and relationship with executive function, emotion experience, and emotion expressivity in college students

Neural responses to criticism and praise vary with schizotypy and perceived emotional support

The path from schizotypy to depression and aggression and the role of family stress

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