Schizotypal cognitions as a predictor of psychopathology in adolescents with mild intellectual impairment

Johnstone, Eve C.; Owens, David C.; Hoare, Peter; Gaur, Sonia; Spencer, Michael D.; Harris, Jonathan M.; Stanfield, Andrew C.; Moffat, Vivien J.; Brearley, Norma; Miller, Patrick; Lawrie, Stephen M.; Muir, Walter

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.033514

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The Edinburgh Co-morbidity study employs the variables that were found to be useful in predicting subsequent illness in the Edinburgh High Risk study of schizophrenia (Miller et al 2002). The Co-morbidity study will determine whether there are young people whose learning needs are in fact due to the early stages of a severe form of schizophrenic illness (Johnstone et al 2007). …”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Boundaries of the Cognitive Phenotype of Autism: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence and Ambiguous Figure Perception in Young People with Autistic Traits

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Moffat

Power

et al. 2007

J Autism Dev Disord

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Theory of Mind, Weak Central Coherence and executive dysfunction, were investigated as a function of behavioural markers of autism. This was irrespective of the presence or absence of a diagnosis of an autistic spectrum disorder. Sixty young people completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), false belief tests, the block design test, viewed visual illusions and an ambiguous figure. A logistic regression was performed and it was found that Theory of Mind, central coherence and ambiguous figure variables significantly contributed to prediction of behavioural markers of autism. These findings provide support for the continuum hypothesis of autism. That is, mild autistic behavioural traits are distributed through the population and these behavioural traits may have the same underlying cognitive determinants as autistic disorder.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Boundaries of the Cognitive Phenotype of Autism: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence and Ambiguous Figure Perception in Young People with Autistic Traits

Best

Moffat

Power

et al. 2007

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…We recruited 93 mothers of young people aged 13–22 from a much larger study of the mental health of young people within the educational system in Scotland who were considered by their teachers to be performing at an approximate IQ level of between 50 and 80 [28]. The mothers identified for this study were contacted initially by telephone and, if interested, questionnaires were sent with a letter of invitation, a consent form and information sheet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links between Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Status and Family Quality of Life

et al. 2017

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Quality of life is often relatively lowered in families of children with additional needs, and this may be particularly the case where additional needs are accompanied by an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we explore the effects of diagnostic status specifically, comparing families with children with an ASD diagnosis with others who a) have additional needs but no signs of ASD; and b) have additional needs and signs of ASD but no diagnosis. Mothers (n = 76) of children with additional needs completed standardised questionnaires about quality of life, stress, service provision, child behaviour and presence and severity of ASD traits. In addition, a group of mothers of typically developing young people (n = 17) completed standardised questionnaires on individual and family quality of life and on the behaviour of their son or daughter. Mothers of typically developing young people had significantly higher individual and family quality of life scores than each of the three other groups. Increased severity of ASD was associated with increased maternal stress, which in turn was associated with decreased family and maternal quality of life. The group reporting the lowest quality of life and the highest stress were the mothers of individuals with signs of ASD but no diagnosis. This pattern did not seem to be explained by lack of access to services, or rates of intellectual disability or challenging behaviour in this sub-group. The finding that poor quality of life and high stress was most apparent in the sub-group of mothers with children who had signs of ASD but did not have a diagnosis of ASD suggests that an interesting topic for further investigation is whether receipt of a diagnosis itself can positively influence quality of life and levels of maternal stress.

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“…Data were obtained from an ongoing longitudinal follow‐up study of adolescents with special educational needs – the Edinburgh Study of Comorbidity (ESC), full details of which are discussed elsewhere (Johnstone et al . 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of adult functional outcome in adolescents receiving special educational assistance

McGeown

Johnstone

McKirdy

et al. 2012

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background This study investigates the role of IQ, autistic traits and challenging behaviours in affecting adult outcomes among adolescents who receive special educational assistance. Methods A total of 58 participants were recruited from an ongoing longitudinal study. All received assessments of IQ, behavioural patterns (using the Childhood Behaviour Checklist – CBCL) and autistic traits (using the Social Communication Questionnaire – SCQ) during adolescence and were followed up 6 years later (at a mean age of 22 years) using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO‐DAS II) to assess functional outcome. Results A significant positive relationship was found between CBCL score and WHO‐DAS II score (β = 0.511, P = 0.001). IQ score showed a negative relationship with total WHO‐DAS II score (β = −0.247, P = 0.04). SCQ score was not found to significantly influence total WHO‐DAS II score (β = −0.028, P = 0.84). Conclusions Although the role of global intellectual ability is important, these results stress the highly predictive value of adolescent behaviours on functional outcomes in adult life among young adults receiving special educational assistance.

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Schizotypal cognitions as a predictor of psychopathology in adolescents with mild intellectual impairment

Abstract: Difficulties experienced by some young people with mild and borderline intellectual disability are associated with enhanced liability to schizophrenia. Clinical methods can both identify those with this extended phenotype and predict those in whom psychosis will occur.

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

The Boundaries of the Cognitive Phenotype of Autism: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence and Ambiguous Figure Perception in Young People with Autistic Traits

The Boundaries of the Cognitive Phenotype of Autism: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence and Ambiguous Figure Perception in Young People with Autistic Traits

Links between Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Status and Family Quality of Life

Determinants of adult functional outcome in adolescents receiving special educational assistance

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