Schizophrenia spectrum disorders and eye tracking dysfunction in singleton and multiplex schizophrenia families

Lencer, Rebekka; Trillenberg-Krecker, Katja; Schwinger, E.; Arolt, Volker

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00165-2

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The notion of schizotaxia -first proposed in Meehl's seminal framework [13,14] (to explicate the interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental factors in the etiology of schizophrenia) -has fostered research on the psychobiological processes that reflected the underlying neurointegrative deficit by means of a prominent empha-sis on its cognitive-behavioral manifestations [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Yet, little effort has been made to include disturbed subjective experiences in the empirical research on firstdegree relatives of schizophrenics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Experience of Schizotropic Vulnerability in Siblings of Schizophrenics

Maggini¹,

Raballo

2004

Psychopathology

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Abnormal neuropsychological and cognitive functions in nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenics are currently the subject of intense interest, mainly because of attention being focused again on the theoretical construct of schizotaxia. Contextually, in recent years the issues of subjective experiences have once again become central and respectable topics in psychopathological research. Among self-experiential disturbances, basic symptoms (BS), stemming from Jaspersian phenomenological psychopathology, are considered the first, protopathic, subjective reverberation of the neurobiological deficit of schizophrenia. Thus BS are expected to be detectable in nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia patients. The aim of the present study was to compare the degrees of such anomalous subjective experiences, assessed in siblings of schizophrenic patients, schizophrenia spectrum patients (schizotypals and schizophrenics) and nonclinical controls. Different profiles of BS were obtained in the samples. An increasing gradient of BS ranging from nonclinical to clinical samples, with unaffected siblings in the intermediate position, occurred for some of the BS clusters (i.e. ‘thought, language, perception and motor disturbances’ and ‘impaired bodily sensations’). Other BS clusters (i.e. ‘disorders of emotion and affect’ and ‘increased emotional reactivity’) turned out to be typical of the clinical subgroups, whereas an enhanced tolerance to normal stress significantly distinguished the sibling specimen from the other ones. The heterogeneity of these patterns suggests that BS constellations may be underpinned by different psychopathological processes and that cognitive and bodily BS may be clinical target phenotypes for schizotropic liability screening.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Experience of Schizotropic Vulnerability in Siblings of Schizophrenics

Maggini¹,

Raballo

2004

Psychopathology

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“…More and more instruments [16] began to consider used in the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders with the progress of science and technology, which would be more objective and controlled. Schizophrenic symptoms may be based on a neurobiological brain dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The need for more precise and reliable diagnostic markers is underscored by a well established association between the duration of untreated psychosis and an unfavorable clinical outcome of schizophrenia [17][18][19]. Therefore, in addition to the interview and observation of the patient, a biological marker related to the brain dysfunction or brain potentials of schizophrenia may also be useful in determining the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia [4,16,20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Psychiatric Clinical Diagnosis In Schizophrenic Symptoms Detection

Zhang¹

2017

BJSTR

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“…The existing data indicates that SPEMs are executed by a circuit linking the visual, mediotemporal (MT), medial superior temporal (MST), prefrontal and motor regions of the cortex (Newsome et al, 1988). The deficit in schizophrenia spectrum individuals has been attributed largely to dysfunction in frontal (O'Driscoll et al, 1999) and motion sensitive (Lencer et al, 2003) regions. Similar to the antisaccade task, smooth pursuit performance has good temporal stability (Ettinger et al, 2003a).…”

Section: Oculomotor Control: Smooth Pursuit Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of state and trait biomarkers in healthy volunteers for the development of novel drug treatments in schizophrenia

et al. 2011

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Antipsychotic drugs are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia but they have little effect on core negative symptoms or cognitive impairment. To meet the deficiencies of current treatments, novel potential compounds are emerging from preclinical research but translation to clinical success has been poor. This article evaluates the possibility that cognitive and physiological abnormalities in schizophrenia can be used as central nervous system biomarkers to predict, in healthy volunteers, the likely efficacy of entirely new pharmacological approaches to treatment. Early detection of efficacy would focus resource on rapidly developing, effective drugs. We review the relevance of selected cognitive and physiological abnormalities as biomarkers in schizophrenia and three of its surrogate populations: (i) healthy volunteers with high trait schizotypy; (ii) unaffected relatives of patients; and (iii) healthy volunteers in a state of cortical glutamate disinhibition induced by low-dose ketamine. Several biomarkers are abnormal in these groups and in some instances there has been exploratory work to determine their sensitivity to drug action. They are generally insensitive to current antipsychotics and therefore their predictive validity cannot be established until novel, therapeutically useful drugs are discovered. Until then such biomarker studies can provide evidence of drugs engaging with the mechanism of interest and encouragement of the concept.

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Schizophrenia spectrum disorders and eye tracking dysfunction in singleton and multiplex schizophrenia families

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Subjective Experience of Schizotropic Vulnerability in Siblings of Schizophrenics

Subjective Experience of Schizotropic Vulnerability in Siblings of Schizophrenics

A Novel Method for Psychiatric Clinical Diagnosis In Schizophrenic Symptoms Detection

Evaluation of state and trait biomarkers in healthy volunteers for the development of novel drug treatments in schizophrenia

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