Schizophrenia is (not simply) a neurodevelopmental disorder

Dazzan, Paola; Murray, Robin M.

doi:10.1017/s1121189x00008137

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…In letteratura, studi principalmente effettuati in situazioni cliniche reali, hanno mostrato risultati controversi (Bagby etal, 1991;Hillard etal, 1988;Srikumar & Orrell, 1995). In generale, appare comunque che caratteristiche come eta, genere, gruppo etnico di appartenenza del paziente, supporto sociale abbiano un ruolo nella decisione di ricoverare obbligatoriamente (Dazzan & Murray, 1999;Hanson & Babigian, 1974;Hiday, 1988;Lindsey & Paul, 1989;Marson et al, 1988;Mendel & Rapport, 1969;Nicholson, 1986;Rudas etal., 1989;Rwegellera, 1980;Tischler, 1966). E' possibile che lo psichiatra, posto in una situazione ipotetica, dia a queste caratteristiche un peso minore di quello che darebbe loro in una situazione clinica reale (Bagby et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussioneunclassified

Decision making process for compulsory admission: study on a group of psychiatrists from Sardinia (Italy)

Dazzan

Bhugra

Carta

et al. 2001

Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc

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Our results confirm that, in three different hypothetical situations, there is agreement in the factors perceived as the most important in the decision to admit compulsorily, although their application is highly subjective. The factors correspond to those recommended by the Italian Law 180. The need for protection of the patient or others has an important role in the decision and may take precedence over the current mental state of the patients [corrected].

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Section: Discussioneunclassified

Decision making process for compulsory admission: study on a group of psychiatrists from Sardinia (Italy)

Dazzan

Bhugra

Carta

et al. 2001

Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc

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“…Therefore, results are inconsistent and it is difficult to disentangle which brain changes are due to the illness itself or its progression, and which are due to a specific class of antipsychotics [32]. On the other hand, they provide valuable information about the course of the disease and treatment effects.…”

Section: Studies On Chronic Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strukturelles Neuroimaging der Basalganglien bei Schizophrenie: ein Review

Brandt

Bonelli

2008

Wien Med Wochenschr

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The basal ganglia structures have quickened interests in schizophrenia research for several reasons: On the one hand, schizophrenic patients are successfully treated with neuroleptics acting on dopamine receptors, which are highly concentrated in the basal ganglia structures. On the other hand, basal ganglia play an important role in higher cognitive functions such as attention, working memory and goal-directed behavior, which are impaired in schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance imaging allows non-invasive in vivo volumetric measurement of these brain structures. In this review, we studied all available papers on MRI research of the basal ganglia in schizophrenic patients. We found a possibly decreased caudate volume in first-episode schizophrenic patients, whereas studies on chronic patients mostly reveal volume increases in caudate, putamen and pallidum. Data from longitudinal studies suggest on the one hand that typical and atypical neuroleptics may produce different effects on brain morphology and on the other hand, that these changes are dynamic and might be reversible. Further studies are warranted for a better understanding of the mechanisms, which may lead to structural basal ganglia abnormalities, with medication effects demanding particular attention.

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“…A limitation of the existing studies on effects of antipsychotics on brain structure is that they have often investigated patients treated for many years, with different types of antipsychotic drugs. This makes it difficult to disentangle which brain changes are due to a specific class of antipsychotics, and which are due to the illness and its progression (Dazzan and Murray, 1999). Therefore, these questions can be better addressed by investigating subjects at the initial stages of psychosis, when treatment would have occurred for only a short time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal Shape and Volume Changes with Antipsychotics in Early Stage Psychotic Illness

Mamah¹,

Harms²,

Deanna³

et al. 2012

Front. Psychiatry

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Progression of hippocampal shape and volume abnormalities has been described in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. However it is unclear how specific antipsychotic medications influence the development of hippocampal structure. We conducted a longitudinal, randomized, controlled, multisite, double-blind study involving 14 academic medical centers (United States 11, Canada 1, Netherlands 1, and England 1). One hundred thirty-four first-episode psychosis patients (receiving either haloperidol [HAL] or olanzapine [OLZ]) and 51 healthy controls were followed for up to 104 weeks using magnetic resonance imaging and large-deformation high-dimensional brain mapping of the hippocampus. Changes in hippocampal volume and shape metrics (i.e., percentage of negative surface vertex slopes, and surface deformation) were evaluated. Mixed-models analysis did not show a significant group-by-time interaction for hippocampal volume. However, the cumulative distribution function of hippocampal surface vertex slopes showed a notable left shift with HAL treatment compared to OLZ treatment and to controls. OLZ treatment was associated with a significantly lower percentage of “large magnitude” negative surface vertex slopes compared to HAL treatment (p = 0.004). Surface deformation maps however did not localize any hippocampal regions that differentially contracted over time with OLZ treatment, after FDR correction. These results indicate that surface analysis provides supplementary information to volumetry in detecting differential treatment effects of the hippocampus. Our results suggest that OLZ is associated with less longitudinal hippocampal surface deformation than HAL, however the hippocampal regions affected appear to be variable across patients.

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Schizophrenia is (not simply) a neurodevelopmental disorder

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Decision making process for compulsory admission: study on a group of psychiatrists from Sardinia (Italy)

Decision making process for compulsory admission: study on a group of psychiatrists from Sardinia (Italy)

Strukturelles Neuroimaging der Basalganglien bei Schizophrenie: ein Review

Hippocampal Shape and Volume Changes with Antipsychotics in Early Stage Psychotic Illness

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