Schizencephaly: diagnosis and progression in utero.

Klingensmith, William C.; Cioffi-Ragan, Darleen

doi:10.1148/radiology.159.3.3517949

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Fetal sonographic patterns of this entity were first described in 1986 by Klingensmith [20]. He reported a case of a bilateral open schizencephaly revealed by 2 US at 31 and 36 WGA and confirmed by CT 2 days after delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prenatal Diagnosis of Schizencephaly by Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Denis¹,

Maugey-Laulom

Carles³

et al. 2001

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Schizencephaly is a neuronal migration anomaly characterized by gray matter lined clefts extending from the ventricle to the cortical surface leading to specific lesions, well demonstrated by imaging. The lips of the clefts can be fused or separated. Prognosis is related to the extend of the involved cortex. Both genetic and acquired factors can be responsible for this pathology. Three cases of antenatal diagnosed open schizencephaly are reported. Two cases are unilateral and one is bilateral. A cerebral anomaly has been detected in all cases by routine ultrasonography (US) revealing a ventricular dilatation with cortical associated abnormalities. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) permitted the diagnosis in the 3 cases. All cases had led to abortion because of the importance of the cortical defect. The aim of this report is to point out the importance of fetal MRI in the diagnosis of migration disorder and to discuss the medical implications. Indeed, MRI is better suited than US for the prenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly, being able to detect normal and abnormal brain cellular migration, especially with fast imaging (HASTE sequences). With its multiplanar imaging capability, MRI demonstrates the cleft extending from the pial surface to the ventricular ependyma and thus provides characteristic diagnosis of this disorder. Moreover, ventricular dilatation, a frequent anomaly detected by US should be completed with MRI in order to research a neuronal migration disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prenatal Diagnosis of Schizencephaly by Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Denis¹,

Maugey-Laulom

Carles³

et al. 2001

Fetal Diagn Ther

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show abstract

“…Optic nerve hypoplasia, septum pellucidum or corpus callosum agenesis, polymicrogyria, or gray matter heterotopia may accompany schizencephaly [10]. In case of schizencephaly, one should look for accompanying basal ganglia anomalies as well as other cerebral anomalies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral giant open lip schizencephaly with associated cerebral anomalies: a case report

2009

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“…19,20 Some consider schizencephaly to be a spectrum of these two disorders. 21 Porencephaly is believed to be secondary to middle cerebral artery infarction and has been shown to progress during pregnancy. Another cause of porencephaly is traumatic amniocentesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, intracranial neoplasms may occur in the fetus and may be preceded by a normal second-trimester head sonogram. 21 In conclusion, when performing follow-up sonographic examination in the late second or third trimester, it is important to document intracranial anatomy. This examination seems obvious for fetuses with risk factors such as X-linked hydrocephalus, alloimmune thrombocytopenia, immune thrombocytopenia purpura, or recent trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%