Schistosomiasis elimination by 2020 or 2030?

Fenwick, Alan; Jourdan, P

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.01.004

Cited by 38 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Awareness of safe water sources by human populations in endemic regions is critical for prevention of schistosomiasis [10,11]. However, assessment and therefore mitigation of the risk posed by bodies of freshwater is not straightforward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

et al. 2020

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Background Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease associated with severe pathology, mortality and economic loss worldwide. Programs for disease control may benefit from specific and sensitive diagnostic methods to detect Schistosoma trematodes in aquatic environments. Here we report the development of novel environmental DNA (eDNA) qPCR assays for the presence of the human-infecting species Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium and S. japonicum. Methodology/Principal findings We first tested the specificity of the assays across the three species using genomic DNA preparations which showed successful amplification of target sequences with no cross amplification between the three focal species. In addition, we evaluated the specificity of the assays using synthetic DNA of multiple Schistosoma species, and demonstrated a high overall specificity; however, S. japonicum and S. haematobium assays showed cross-species amplification with very closely-related species. We next tested the effectiveness of the S. mansoni assay using eDNA samples from aquaria containing infected host gastropods, with the target species revealed as present in all infected aquaria. Finally, we evaluated the effectiveness of the S. mansoni and S. haematobium assays using eDNA samples from eight discrete natural freshwater sites in Tanzania, and demonstrated strong correspondence between infection status established using eDNA and conventional assays of parasite prevalence in host snails. Conclusions/Significance Collectively, our results suggest that eDNA monitoring is able to detect schistosomes in freshwater bodies, but refinement of the field sampling, storage and assay methods are PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

et al. 2020

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“…5 However, critics of this approach note that preventive chemotherapy with PZQ alone is unlikely to control, let alone eliminate schistosomiasis. 6 Considering this, in 2012, WHO published the neglected tropical diseases Roadmap for 2012-2025 and in the same year, WHO member states endorsed the WHA65.21 resolution on elimination of schistosomiasis. 7 This resolution has emphasised the continuum from control, to elimination, to eradication of schistosomiasis.…”

Section: Participatory Integrated Control Strategies and Elimination mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Integrated intervention measures including public health education, access to clean water, improved sanitation, and snail control are highly recommended in this paradigm shift from control to elimination. 6,8 A combination of these intervention measures can interrupt the lifecycle of the parasite. It is worth noting that, despite these recommendations, integration of these measures into MDA programmes in the sub-Saharan African environment has not been conclusively tested before.…”

Section: Participatory Integrated Control Strategies and Elimination mentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory integrated control strategies and elimination of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa

Mazigo

2019

The Lancet Global Health

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“…Since then, mass drug administration (MDA) with praziquantel has become the predominant strategy for schistosomiasis control in this wormy world [13–15], and such a strategy has been proved to be effective to greatly reduce both the prevalence and intensity of schistosome infections, which facilitates the progress towards the global elimination of the disease [16–19]. In 2013, the agenda was set for the global schistosomiasis elimination based on the global status of schistosomiasis [20], with 2025 defined as the target date for global elimination as a public health concern [21]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multidisciplinary, integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis: a longitudinal study in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China from 2005 to 2014

Wang

YinPing³

et al. 2017

Infect Dis Poverty

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BackgroundAlthough great success has been achieved, schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China, and the remaining core endemic regions are concentrated along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In this longitudinal study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, integrated approach for schistosomiasis elimination in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China over the 10-year period from 2005 through 2014.MethodsA three-step roadmap for schistosomiasis elimination was designed in the study site, and multidisciplinary, integrated interventions were implemented by the health, agriculture, water resources development, land and resources, and forestry sectors from 2005 to 2014, including chemotherapy for infected individuals, health education, management of the source of Schistosoma japonicum infection, and intermediate host snail control. The annual number of schistosomiasis patients, S. japonicum infection in humans, bovines and Oncomelania hupensis snails, and water infectivity were observed to assess the effectiveness of the multidisciplinary, integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis.ResultsThere was a tendency towards a gradual decline in both the number of schistosomiasis cases and the prevalence of S. japonicum human infection across the study period from 2005 through 2014. No S. japonicum human infection was detected since 2012, and no acute infection was seen since 2006. During the study period, no infection was found in bovines, and a 0.03% overall infection rate was observed in O. hupensis snails. Since 2009, no infected snails were identified, and the area of both snail habitats and infected snail habitats appeared a reduction over the study period. Following the 3-year multidisciplinary, integrated control, infection control was achieved, and transmission control was achieved after 6-year implementation, with all infected snails and water infectivity eliminated; in addition, the 10-year implementation resulted in interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in the study site in 2014.ConclusionsThe results of the present 10-year longitudinal study demonstrate that the multidisciplinary, integrated approach is effective for the elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-017-0270-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Schistosomiasis elimination by 2020 or 2030?

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

Participatory integrated control strategies and elimination of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa

A multidisciplinary, integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis: a longitudinal study in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China from 2005 to 2014

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