Schistosomiasis

Othman, Ahmad A.; Ridi, Rashika El

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-00303-5_5

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 324 publications

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“…When the human host discharges urine in fresh-water bodies, the eggs hatch and release miracidia, which penetrate the snail host and transform into sporocysts. After two generation of sporocysts larval reproduction, these transform into cercariae, able to initiate a new transmission cycle [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease is mostly accounted by immunopathogenic responses to the worms' eggs accumulated around bladder and ureters resulting in granuloma formation and tissue fibrosis. Clinical manifestations include haematuria, obstructive uropathy, kidney damage and squamous cell carcinoma [7][8][9]. In females, genital schistosomiasis (FGS) causes ulcerative lesions and fibrosis in vagina, cervix and uterus, resulting in bleeding, pain and higher risk of HIV infection [10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative evaluation of plasma biomarkers ofSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in endemic populations from Burkina Faso

Ouedraogo,

Hey,

Hilt

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Infection with Schistosoma haematobium causes urogenital disease associated with organ disfunction, bleeding, pain, and higher susceptibility to infections and cancer. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for prompt and appropriate treatment as well as surveillance efforts, and the use of plasma biomarkers offers important advantages over parasitological examination of urine, including increased sensitivity and the possibility to use the same specimen for multiple investigations. The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of different plasma biomarkers in endemic populations from Burkina Faso, West Africa. Schistosoma spp. Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA), cell free S. haematobium DNA (cfDNA), class M and G antibodies against S. haematobium Soluble Worm Antigen Preparation (SWAP) and Soluble Egg Antigen (SEA) were measured in 406 plasma samples. Results of each biomarker test were compared to those of CAA, a Composite Reference Standard (CRS) and Latent Class Analysis (LCA). An identical proportion of positive samples (29%) was observed as a result of CAA and cfDNA testing, with a substantial agreement (84%, Cohen k=0.62) between the results of the two tests, and a comparable agreement with the results of CRS and LCA. A higher positivity was observed, as expected, as a result of specific antibody testing (47%-72%), with IgG showing a higher agreement than IgM with the three references. Also, higher IgG levels were observed in current vs past infection, and ROC analysis identified optimal cutoff values for improved testing accuracy. This study provides compelling evidence that can inform the choice of the most appropriate diagnostic plasma biomarker for urogenital schistosomiasis in endemic areas, depending on the purpose, context, and available resources for testing. Either CAA or cfDNA testing can be used for the diagnosis of patients and for epidemiological investigations, even in absence of urine filtration microscopy, whereas anti-SWAP or anti-SEA IgG can be employed for surveillance and integrated monitoring of control interventions against poverty-associated diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of plasma biomarkers ofSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in endemic populations from Burkina Faso

Ouedraogo,

Hey,

Hilt

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are five main pathogenic species that affect humans: S. mansoni, S. japonicum, S. intercalatum, S. guineensis and S. mekongi which cause hepato-intestinal schistosomiasis and S. haematobium which affect the uro-genital tract [ 11 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%