Schistosoma mekongi: A prominent neutrophil chemotactic activity of egg antigen with reference to that of Schistosoma japonicum

Owhashi, Makoto; Matsumoto, Jun; Imase, Atsuko; Kirinoki, Masashi; Kitikoon, Viroj; Chigusa, Yuichi; Matsuda, Hajime

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2005.03.001

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, potent chemotactic activity in the granulomatous spleen should be involved in the aggregation of lymphocytes [ 22 , 23 ]. Previous studies have shown that SEA, especially from S. japonicum , has prominent leucocyte chemotactic activity [ 24 ]. On the other hand, liver granulomas induce increased local chemokine expression, which is conversely correlated with altered chemotactic activity of splenic lymphocytes [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation of egg granulomas in the spleens of mice with late Schistosoma japonicum infection alters splenic morphology

et al. 2015

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BackgroundSplenomegaly is a characteristic symptom of schistosome infection. Unlike the well known hepatic pathology of schistosomiasis, splenomegaly has received little scientific research and is generally considered to be a non-specific congestion caused by increased blood pressure within the venous sinuses. Moreover, to date, few studies have reported the deposition of schistosome eggs in the spleen. In a previous study, however, we observed that prolonged S. japonicum infections destroyed the structure of the lymphoid follicles in the spleen of mice at 8 weeks post-infection and found that eggs were frequently deposited in the spleen. These prior observations suggested a relationship between granulomas and splenic morphology which we investigate further in this study.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were infected percutaneously with twenty cercariae of S. japonicum and sacrificed at different times post-infection. The number of eggs present in the homogenates of spleens and livers was quantified by light microscopy. Splenic pathology was observed by immunohistochemistry staining of paraffin-embedded sections. At 18 weeks post-infection the infected mice were divided into two groups (granulomatous spleens and non-granulomatous spleens). Serum antibodies and cytokines in the antigen- or mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte cultures were then determined by ELISA.ResultsWe found that eggs deposition in the spleens of infected mice occurred frequently but only occasionally led to granulomas formation. The lymphoid follicles within the granulomatous spleens maintained their structural integrity until 20 weeks post-infection, unlike the lymphoid follicles in spleens without egg granulomas. Mice with granulomatous spleens accompanied by lymphoid follicles exhibited a germinal center (GC)-like structure and had enhanced humoral immune responses. Splenocytes from granulomatous spleens also showed significantly elevated levels of Th2 cytokines during late infection stages.ConclusionsOur results highlight that lymphoid follicles, which are not completely destroyed or are re-established in the spleen, can change the local immune environment and lead to changes in the splenic morphology of mice with chronic schistosomiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation of egg granulomas in the spleens of mice with late Schistosoma japonicum infection alters splenic morphology

et al. 2015

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“…These include L3, L4 and adult Teladorsagia circumcincta and Haemonchus contortus (Wildblood et al 2005), L3 Ostertagia ostertagi (Klesius et al 1985(Klesius et al , 1986, L3 Anisakis (Tanaka and Torisu 1978), adult Ascaris (Tanaka et al 1979), adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Ishida and Yoshimura 1990), adult Dirofilaria immitis (Owhashi et al 1996), Metastrongylus apri (Sasaki and Katsuno 1983), larval Trichinella spiralis and adult Trichuris muris (Dixon et al 2006). Neutrophil chemotactic factors (NCF) have been identified in parasitic cestodes (Horii et al 1984a) and trematodes (Horii et al 1984b;Jefferies et al 1996;Owhashi et al 2005), as well as Tritrichomonas foetus (Owhashi et al 1994), Necator americanus (Bower et al 2008), Oesophagostomum aculeatum , adult Ascaris (Tanaka et al 1979), D. immitis (Horii et al 1986b) and Oesophagostomum volvulus (Rubio de Krömer et al 1998), Trichinella spp. (Shupe and Steward 1991), Ascaris suum and Toxocara canis (but not Anisakis simplex; Falcone et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neutrophil and eosinophil chemotactic factors in the excretory/secretory products of sheep abomasal nematode parasites

2011

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Both eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) and neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) activities were demonstrated in excretory/secretory (ES) products and homogenates of Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta larvae and adult worms in a modified checkerboard assay using a micro-chemotaxis chamber. Neutrophil chemotaxis was seen in 28 of 35 experiments and eosinophil chemotaxis in 20 of 38 experiments. Chemokinetic activity for neutrophils and eosinophils (accounting for 40-50% of total cell migration) was also apparent in only three parasite products for each cell type. Significant NCF activity was present in six of seven adult worm ES products (three of four from T. circumcincta and in all three from H. contortus) and ECF activity in four of five adult ES products, whereas fewer L3 incubates, particularly of T. circumcincta, contained chemotactic activity. All parasite homogenates, with one exception for ECF, were chemotactic for both neutrophils and eosinophils. The sequential use of cellulose ultrafiltration membranes of decreasing pore size did not identify precisely the molecular weight of the NCF and ECF but indicated that the active chemicals were greater than 10 kDa and probably greater than 30 kDa.

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“…Sonographic findings in the liver in S. japonicum infection were reported to correspond to histopathological findings (Murakami, 1986;Zilton and Cheever, 1993). However, there have been only limited studies of S. mekongi infection (Byram et al 1978;Byram and Lichtenberg, 1980;Owhashi et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of granuloma formation and liver fibrosis in murine schistosomiasis mekongi: a morphological comparison between Schistosoma mekongi and S. japonicum infection

et al. 2010

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A histopathological study was performed to clarify the characteristics of granuloma formation and liver fibrosis in Schistosoma mekongi infection in comparison with S. japonicum infection. Mice were exposed to S. mekongi (Laotian strain) and S. japonicum (Japanese strain) cercariae, and were dissected at 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks post-exposure. In the liver, granulomas in S. mekongi infection were cellular, initially organized with foam cells, and continuously appeared in the intralobular area, while granulomas in S. japonicum infection were fibrous and did not continuously appear in the intralobular area. Portal fibrosis was not seen in S. mekongi infection, but was commonly seen in S. japonicum infection in the later weeks. Granulomas in the small intestine were seen mainly in the submucosa with foam cells in S. mekongi infection and without foam cells in S. japonicum infection. The lung granulomas contained mainly histiocytes in both S. mekongi and S. japonicum infection. The absence of portal fibrosis in S. mekongi infection allows schistosome eggs to infiltrate into the intralobular area continuously, which can be what lies behind the ultrasonographic differences; the echogenic network pattern as was seen in S. japonicum infection, has not been noted in S. mekongi infection.

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Schistosoma mekongi: A prominent neutrophil chemotactic activity of egg antigen with reference to that of Schistosoma japonicum

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

The formation of egg granulomas in the spleens of mice with late Schistosoma japonicum infection alters splenic morphology

The formation of egg granulomas in the spleens of mice with late Schistosoma japonicum infection alters splenic morphology

Neutrophil and eosinophil chemotactic factors in the excretory/secretory products of sheep abomasal nematode parasites

Characteristics of granuloma formation and liver fibrosis in murine schistosomiasis mekongi: a morphological comparison between Schistosoma mekongi and S. japonicum infection

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