Schistosoma Mansoni: Comparison of the Killing Effect of Granulocytes and Complement with or without Antibody on Fresh and Cultured Schistosomula in Vitro *

Novato-Silva, Eliane; Nogueira-Machado, José Augusto; Gazzinelli, Giovanni

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.1263

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…They survive the host's immune attack in part by silencing the non-speci®c repair and defense systems that depend on serine-protease activation, i.e. clotting (Foster et al, 1992;Tsang & Damian, 1977), complement (McLaren & Incani, 1982Novato-Silva et al, 1980) and neutrophil activation (Cau®eld et al, 1980). Serpins have been identi®ed from the three major species of this parasite family, S. haematobium, S. mansoni and S. japonicum (Blanton et al, 1993;Ghendler et al, 1994), and their sequences have been reported (Blanton et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and crystallization of a novel membrane-anchored protein: theSchistosoma haematobiumserpin

Huang

Haas

Biesterfeldt

et al. 1999

Acta Crystallogr D Biol Cryst

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A unique serine-protease inhibitor (serpin) of the blood¯uke S. haematobium has been crystallized. It is an antitrypsin with an unusual residue (phenylalanine) at its reactive center. Unlike any known member of this gene family, it is a membrane-anchored protein on the surface of the parasite. The location of this serpin and immunological response to the protein indicate that it may play a important role in host±parasite interaction. The crystals belong to the trigonal space group P3 2 21 or P3 1 21 with unit-cell parameters a = b = 64.7, c = 186.7 A Ê , = 90.0, = 90.0, = 120.0 . There is one molecule per asymmetric unit and the crystals diffracted to 2.2 A Ê .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and crystallization of a novel membrane-anchored protein: theSchistosoma haematobiumserpin

Huang

Haas

Biesterfeldt

et al. 1999

Acta Crystallogr D Biol Cryst

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“…However, when this isolate was compared with a freshly derived Kenyan isolate, no difference in susceptibility was observed. In addition, it had already been shown that ageing schistosomula show a rapid loss of susceptibility to antibody-dependent killing mediated both by complement (Dean 1977) and by granulocytes (Novato-Silva et al 1980, Dessein et al 1981, this loss being associated with a loss of expression of antigens recognised by immune human sera. Another possibility, therefore, was that the Puerto Rican isolate might have progressively adapted during laboratory passage to show a prolonged susceptibility to antibody-dependent, eosinophil-mediated damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, addition of complement has greatly enhanced the antibodydependent effect of eosinophils, and complement alone has been sufficient to mediate eosinophil-dependent damage (Anwar et al 1979, McKean et al 1981, Kazura et al 1981. Thirdly, human neutrophils have been reported to have a potent effect, either with antibody alone, or more frequently with antibody and complement (Anwar et al 1979, Novato-Silva, Nogueira-Machado & Gazzinelli, 1980, Kazura et al 198 1, McKean et al 1981, Moser & Sher 1981, Jong, Chi & Klebanoff, 1984.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the levels of antibody‐ and complement‐dependent eosinophil‐mediated damage to schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni in vitro

Butterworth¹,

Richardson²

1985

Parasite Immunology

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In experiments designed to test why high levels of antibody-dependent, eosinophil-mediated killing of schistosomula are routinely observed in this laboratory, several factors that may contribute to variations in eosinophil activity were examined. The most important factors were: (1) the source of eosinophils, with marked variation being demonstrated not only, as previously shown, between individuals, but also between different cell preparations from a single individual; (2) the serum used as a source of anti-schistosomulum antibodies and (3) the age of the schistosomula at the time of assay. In contrast, addition of fresh normal serum as a source of complement had a relatively slight effect when the killing assay was carried out in round bottomed tubes. A more marked enhancement was observed in flat bottomed microtitre plates, and it is suggested that this enhancement may be attributable to the release of chemotactic complement components. No difference was observed between a laboratory maintained and a recently derived isolate of Schistosoma mansoni, either in initial susceptibility or in loss of susceptibility after 3.5 h of culture. In contrast to the marked effects of eosinophils under most conditions tested, there was no evidence for extensive neutrophil-mediated damage under the same conditions.

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“…During all those years of studies on schistosome vaccine development, some immunological mechanisms involved in parasite elimination have been proposed. Complement activation has been suggested to be involved in parasite elimination, but from what we know so far, only recently transformed schistosomes are killed by complement and 24 h schistosomula became refractory to death induced by complement activation ( 5 ). Since most of these studies on complement activation and parasite death were performed in vitro , the significance of complement activation to parasite death in vivo can be questioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating Schistosomes through Vaccination: What are the Best Immune Weapons?

2015

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The successful development of vaccines depends on the knowledge of the immunological mechanisms associated with the elimination of the pathogen. In the case of schistosomes, its complex life cycle and the mechanisms developed to evade host immune system, turns the development of a vaccine against the disease into a very difficult task. Identifying the immunological effector mechanisms involved in parasite attrition and the major targets for its response is a key step to formulate an effective vaccine. Recent studies have described some promising antigens to compose a subunit vaccine and have pointed to some immune factors that play a role in parasite elimination. Here, we review the immune components and effector mechanisms associated with the protective immunity induced by those vaccine candidates and the lessons we have learned from the studies of the acquired resistance to infection in humans. We will also discuss the immune factors that correlate with protection and therefore could help to evaluate those vaccine formulations in clinical trials.

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Schistosoma Mansoni: Comparison of the Killing Effect of Granulocytes and Complement with or without Antibody on Fresh and Cultured Schistosomula in Vitro *

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Purification and crystallization of a novel membrane-anchored protein: theSchistosoma haematobiumserpin

Purification and crystallization of a novel membrane-anchored protein: theSchistosoma haematobiumserpin

Factors affecting the levels of antibody‐ and complement‐dependent eosinophil‐mediated damage to schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni in vitro

Eliminating Schistosomes through Vaccination: What are the Best Immune Weapons?

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