Schemata in Cognitive Anthropology

Casson, Ronald W.

doi:10.1146/annurev.an.12.100183.002241

Cited by 124 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The model in this context is close to what cognitive anthropology describes as master schema, which guide other minor schema as are found in scripts, plans, and scenarios (Casson, 1983;D'Andrade, 1992D'Andrade, , 1995Gordon, 2000;Quinn, 2003;Strauss, 1992). While maybe appropriate for a more precise analysis, the language of schema theory, with master schema, perhaps even metaschema paralleling metanarratives (Gordon, 2000: Lyotard, 1979 here may well prove cumbersome and somewhat pedantic so I decided to simply use the concept of model as an orientation which drives thoughts and action.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Exploring Cooperatives, Cooperation, and the Nature of Work in a Belizean Village

Gordon

2018

IJCS

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This article examines how cultural models in the national political culture played out in a Belizean village whose culture was rooted in a quite different cultural model and characterized by ideals of self-reliance and individualism rooted in Yucatecan Maya culture. This is a study of eight worker cooperatives, of cooperation, and of individual work over a 34-year period, from 1979 to 2012 in the village of Bullet Tree Falls. This village is an historically agricultural village populated with Maya refugees from Mexico and Guatemala. I observed three distinct national political cultures, each seeking to promote local worker cooperatives. But generally, the national political culture did little to support the worker cooperatives. Only in the last phase of influence do we see what was necessary to make a worker cooperative organization somewhat functional. The paper concludes with observation of two enterprises where workers successfully participated, but not according to the formula for the cooperative. Here personnel could work independently but cooperated only when it proved useful. Recognition of positive features of the workplace environment suggests that investigating local cultural experience is an important and practicable effort, far more so than simply assuming the national political culture is viable on the local level.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Exploring Cooperatives, Cooperation, and the Nature of Work in a Belizean Village

Gordon

2018

IJCS

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“…They are abstract structures of meaning, considered to be the building blocks of cognition. New information is fit into relations with others, in organized patterns, and remembered as such (Casson, 1983).…”

Section: The Social Construction Of Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and role of convergent technological repertoires in audiovisual media consumption

Courtois

Marez

Verdegem

2014

Behaviour & Information Technology

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This mixed-method research focuses on the growing appropriation of multiple screen devices for audiovisual media consumption. Based on survey measures, we distinguish thee patterns: (a) maintaining the status quo, by mainly drawing upon television, (b) broadening up the repertoire, by extending television with computers and mobile devices, or (c) even replacing television by a computer. Next, we draw upon insights form niche theory, rationalizing media choices in terms of competing gratifications. This perspective is however too one-sided, as our results indicate that habit is a much stronger explanatory variable, especially when a broad range of devices is appropriated. In a follow-up qualitative study, do with media technologies) should be taken into account, rather than media as tied to a specific technology. Niche theory's core remains, but its applications should be updated to theoretical insights matching the evolving media environment.

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“…According to this representational framework, SECs provide a general structure/organization in memory for particular behaviors over relatively long periods (e.g., from minutes to hours). SECs are stored representations of sequential event knowledge and represent sequences of activities that have been described elsewhere as ''scripts'' or ''schemas'' (Eldridge, Barnard, & Bekerian, 1994;Casson, 1983;Schank & Abelson, 1977). Grafman (1999) proposes that event features (an SEC subcomponent) are localized in the left PFC and that there is category specificity in terms of localization of these SEC representations within the PFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Category-Specific Representations of Social and Nonsocial Knowledge in the Human Prefrontal Cortex

Wood

Romero

Makale

et al. 2003

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract& Complex social behavior and the relatively large size of the prefrontal cortex are arguably two of the characteristics that distinguish humans from other animals. Grafman presented a framework concerning how the prefrontal cortex (PFC) controls complex behavior using stored structured event complexes (SECs). We report behavioral and imaging data from a modified go/no-go paradigm in which subjects had to classify words (semantic) and phrases (SEC) according to category. In experimental trials, subjects classified items according to social or nonsocial activity; in control trials, they classified items according to font. Subjects were faster to classify social than nonsocial semantic items, with the reverse pattern evident for the social and nonsocial SEC items. In addition, the conditions were associated with different patterns of PFC activation. These results suggest that there are different psychological and neural substrates for social and nonsocial semantic and SEC representations. &

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Schemata in Cognitive Anthropology

Cited by 124 publications

References 70 publications

Exploring Cooperatives, Cooperation, and the Nature of Work in a Belizean Village

Exploring Cooperatives, Cooperation, and the Nature of Work in a Belizean Village

Composition and role of convergent technological repertoires in audiovisual media consumption

Category-Specific Representations of Social and Nonsocial Knowledge in the Human Prefrontal Cortex

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