Schedule-induced water and saccharin polydipsia under haloperidol

Keehn, J. D.; Riusech, Rosa

doi:10.3758/bf03337041

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is maladaptive from the standpoint of fluid requirements but adaptive for underfed animals. Wehave argued (Keehn & Riusech, 1977) that food plus fluid is more reinforcing than dry food alone, an argument that is supported by the present finding that barpressing for food is maintained longer when drinking is possible than when it is not. It could be claimed that the data also support the postprandial hypothesis to account for schedule-induced drinking (Lotter, Woods, & Vaselli, 1973;Stein, 1964), but this hypothesis has been shown to be defective (Millenson, 1975;Staddon, 1977) and anyway does not explain why animals work harder for food when water is present than when it is not.…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

“…Cohen (1975) has suggested that this is because eating increases the reinforcement value of drinking water. In contrast, Keehn and Riusech (1977) have proposed that water enhances the reinforcement value of food pellets (just as sweeteners make some foods and beverages more reinforcing) and that animals driven by deprivation to eat will overdrink in satisfying their need for food. The present results bear on these proposals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schedule-induced drinking facilitates schedule-controlled feeding

Keehn

Riusech

1979

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Four food-deprived rats barpressed with food reinforeement on a I-min fixed-interval sehedule in 7-h sessions with water either present or absent. They all became polydipsic, drinking after many pellets early in sessions but after fewer pellets later in sessions. Pellets were seeured at near maximum rates for about 3 h. Thereafter, the three heaviest drinkers obtained more food with water than without it. The results indieate that schedule-indueed drinking does not eontinue indefinitely and that it ean be adaptive with regard to feeding.Rats switch between eating and drinking apparently at random when food and water are freely available together Premack, 1965), but if water is free and food pellets are scheduled intermittently, then occasions and durations of drinks are predictable . At interpellet intervals between about 15 sec and 2 min, a bout of drinking begins after almost every pellet delivery and lasts for a time that varies directly with the interpellet interval (Colotla, Keehn, & Gardner, 1970;Hawkins, Schrot, Githens, & Everett, 1972). Such eat-drink sequenees of behavior do not terminate when normal water intakes are attained; Falk (1961) showed that in 3.17-h sessions, with food pellets scheduled once per minute on the average, water consumption reaehes polydipsie levels. Falk (1961) and most subsequent investigators have stressed the excessiveness of schedule-induced drinking, but have not described the distribution of eating and drinking over long periods of time. Such information was gathered in the present study, whieh also compared rates of barpressing and eating with and without water available. METHOD SubjectsFour 3-month-old experimentally naive male albino rats of the Wistar strain supplied by Woodlyn Farrns, Guelph, Ontario, were maintained at 80070 of their free-feeding weights in individual horne cages. Water was available at all times. ApparatusTwo standard 11.5 x 9.5 x 7.5 in. (29 x 23.5 x 19 cm) Grason-Stadler two-bar rat chambers (Type E3125 B) with pellet rnagazines that delivered 45-mg Noyes rat pellets were the experimental spaces. In each box, the lever beside the door was removed and its housing covered with a metal plate mounted flush with the wall. A force of 0.19 N (20 g) on the remaining bar activated relay scheduling and recording equipment in an adjoining room.When water was to be available, a water bottle was attached to each ehamber door such that the outlet tube was 2 in. ProcedureThe animals were trained to barpress for food pellets and then given two l-h sessions in which every barpress was reinf'orced, five I-h sessions with reinforcement scheduled at fixed 30-sec intervals, with water available on the last two of these, and two y,-h sessions with water available and reinforcement scheduled at fixed 6O-sec intervals. Then, subjects received seven "wet" and seven "dry" sessions, each 7 h long. On wet sessions, the water bottle was in place; on dry sessions, the bottle was removed, For Subjects land 3, wet and dry sessions occurred in the order WDWDDDWDWWDWDW; the oppo...

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supporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schedule-induced drinking facilitates schedule-controlled feeding

Keehn

Riusech

1979

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…This group consumed over five times more water (mean intake = of DA blockers on schedule-induced drinking and have reported a suppression in drinking behavior. However, the specificity of these results for schedule-induced drinking is questionable, since two of these studies also reported a decrease in operant responding (Canon & Lippa, 1977;Keehn, Coulson, & Klieb, 1976) and another study (Keehn & Riusech, 1977) used a response-independent fixed-time food schedule. In the present experiments, we report that the DA blockers pimozide and spiperone (Joyce, 1983;Seeman, 1981) differentially affect schedule-induced and deprivation-induced drinking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of dopamine blockers on the acquisition of schedule-induced drinking and deprivation-induced drinking

et al. 1984

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In Experiment 1, the dopamine blockers pimozide (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) and spiperone (0.062 and 0.125 mglkg) suppressed the acquisition of schedule-induced drinking (a form of nonhomeostatic drinking) in rats over a 15-day chronic dosing regimen. In Experiment 2, however, the same doses ofpimozide and spiperone did not affect deprivation-induced drinking (a form of homeostatic drinking) or ad-lib drinking. These data suggest that an intact dopamine system is necessary for the development of schedule-induced drinking, and that this suppression of schedule-induced drinking was not due to a general suppression of drinking per se.

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Different effects of haloperidol and extinction on instrumental behaviours

Salamone

1986

Psychopharmacologia

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The effects of 0.1 mg/kg haloperidol (HP) and extinction following FR20 training in rats were compared. Animals under extinction responded at higher rates at the beginning of the session than rats treated with HP, but slower than HP-treated animals at the end of the session. Extinction subjects also emitted proportionately more ratios that were faster than the previous baseline response rate when compared to HP subjects. In a second experiment, animals were reinforced under an FI30-s schedule for merely being on one floor panel of a chamber which also measured locomotor activity. Comparison of the effects of 0.4 mg/kg HP and extinction revealed that both manipulations reduced locomotor activity, while only extinction reduced time on the reinforced panel. The results of these experiments were viewed as contrary to the hypothesis that dopamine antagonist drugs reduce the primary reinforcing impact of food. However, they were seen as consistent with the notion that HP reduced incentive-related motor activity.

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Schedule-induced water and saccharin polydipsia under haloperidol

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Schedule-induced drinking facilitates schedule-controlled feeding

Schedule-induced drinking facilitates schedule-controlled feeding

Differential effects of dopamine blockers on the acquisition of schedule-induced drinking and deprivation-induced drinking

Different effects of haloperidol and extinction on instrumental behaviours

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