Scentless chamomile (<i>Matricaria perforata</i> Mérat) interference in winter wheat

Douglas, D. W.; Thomas, A. G.; Peschken, D. P.; Bowes, G. G.; Derksen, D. A.

doi:10.4141/cjps92-170

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…When a large number of winter-annual plants of scentless chamomile are present, Sencor plus Ct may be more effective if the crop stage is suitable. Applications prior to the critical period for crop development is vital to diminish weed competition (Boyetchko and Peng, 2004), and this timing may be of greater importance in spring wheat on which scentless chamomile has demonstrated more substantial yield reduction than on winter wheat (Douglas et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of plant stage, Colletotrichum truncatum dose, and use of herbicide on control of Matricaria perforata

Graham¹,

Peng²,

Bailey³

et al. 2006

BioControl

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Colletotrichum truncatum (Ct) was examined in a tank mix with the herbicide 2,4-D, clopyralid plus MCPA (Caurtail M Ò ), or metribuzin (Sencor Ò ) for control of scentless chamomile at 8-(younger) and 11-leaf stages (older) under controlled conditions. In initial trials, Ct at 7 Â 10 6 spores/ml (200 l/ha) reduced the fresh weight of scentless chamomile only slightly. However, its combinations with herbicides improved the efficacy variably depending on the herbicide used and stage of the weeds. Ct plus 2,4-D reduced the fresh weight by about 50% at both leaf stages of scentless chamomile when compared to untreated controls but no plants were killed. The fungus plus Curtail M consistently killed younger but not older plants, and the efficacy was substantially greater than that of the herbicide alone. The herbicide Sencor was highly effective on younger plants, and adding Ct did not achieve additional benefits. On older plants, however, Ct plus Sencor was substantially more effective than the herbicide alone, causing 76% fresh-weight reduction when compared to controls and killing 9 out of 16 older plants in four trials. Sencor applied alone reduced the fresh weight of older plants by 65%, but no plants were killed. Tested at doses ranging from 2 Â 10 6 to 20 Â 10 6 spores/ml, Ct plus Curtail M was most effective at the highest fungal inoculum dose, consistently killing younger but not older plants. In comparison, Ct at a medium dose (7 Â 10 6 spores/ml) plus Sencor killed the majority of older chamomile plants (7 out of 12), whereas the herbicide alone did not cause plant mortality. Further increasing fungal inoculum dose from this medium level did not enhance the weed control by Ct plus Sencor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of plant stage, Colletotrichum truncatum dose, and use of herbicide on control of Matricaria perforata

Graham¹,

Peng²,

Bailey³

et al. 2006

BioControl

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“…Scentless chamomile is a weed in various crops, such as winter and summer wheat, flax, lentils and peas ( Hanf , 1984; D. W. Douglas , unpublished data). In general, winter annuals are more competitive than summer annuals, and yield losses are greater in moist compared with dry years ( Douglas et al, 1991, 1992). Scentless chamomile also grows in uncultivated, poorly drained field depressions, roadsides, fencelines, fallow and wasteland, and industrial areas ( Peschken et al, 1990; D. W. Douglas , unpublished data).…”

Section: 1 the Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of competition from wheat and below‐ground herbivory on growth and reproduction of scentless chamomile, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Laínz

Hinz

Schroeder

2003

J Applied Entomology

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This study investigated the effect of competition from wheat and below ground herbivory on the growth and reproduction of scentless chamomile, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Me´rat) Laı´nz (Asteraceae), a target plant for classical biological control. Field cages, in which scentless chamomile was planted, were established in 1994 near Neuenburg (Rhine Valley, Germany), and two weevil species, Diplapion confluens Kirby and Coryssomerus capucinus (Beck), were released alone (40 adults each) or together in a substitutive design (20 adults each). Wheat was sown alone or in combination with both herbivores as an additional stress factor. To test the cage effect on plant growth, an uncaged control was set up. At the end of the experiment, caged control plants were about 20 cm (18%) higher, and allocated more biomass to shoots and less to roots and seeds than uncaged plants. Competition from wheat reduced the number of shoots per T. perforatum plant from 7.6 to 3.2. As a consequence, the biomass of scentless chamomile plants that competed with wheat was reduced by 39% and reproductive output by 49%, compared with plants that were grown without competition. At the end of the experiment, 70-80% of T. perforatum plants had been attacked by an average of two to three D. confluens and 60-70% of plants by one to two C. capucinus. At these densities that were lower than expected, the two herbivores alone or in combination had no significant effect on any of the plant parameters measured. However, in the presence of wheat, herbivory further reduced the number of shoots per plant. We conclude that control of scentless chamomile using insect biocontrol agents will be more likely to be successful if agent densities are high, and agents are released in habitats where scentless chamomile is competing with other plant species.

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“…Plot experiments indicated that the winter annual form is particularly competitive and that yield losses due to scentless chamomile were greater in moist years (Douglas et al, 1991). Yield of winter wheat was reduced by summer annual scentless chamomile plants only in a moist year, whereas yields were reduced by winter annual plants in a year of normal precipitation (Douglas et al, 1992). In Alberta, scentless chamomile occurs mainly in central and northern areas and causes problems particularly on solonetzic soils and in weak or young stands of forage crops (Cole, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata Mérat [ϭ Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz], Asteraceae, is an annual or short-lived perennial plant of European origin which is becoming an increasingly severe weed problem in cropland and waste areas in western Canada (Douglas et al, 1991(Douglas et al, , 1992Woo et al, 1991;Bowes et al, 1994). It occurs widely in the black, grey, and dark brown soil zones of Alberta and Saskatchewan and can spread rapidly because of its profuse seed production, up to 1.8 million seeds m Ϫ2 (Woo et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Early Effects ofOmphalapion hookeri(Kirby) (Coleoptera: Apionidae) as a Biological Control Agent for Scentless Chamomile,Matricaria perforataMérat (Asteraceae)

McClay¹,

Clerck-Floate

1999

Biological Control

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Scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata Mérat) interference in winter wheat

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of plant stage, Colletotrichum truncatum dose, and use of herbicide on control of Matricaria perforata

Effect of plant stage, Colletotrichum truncatum dose, and use of herbicide on control of Matricaria perforata

Impact of competition from wheat and below‐ground herbivory on growth and reproduction of scentless chamomile, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Laínz

Establishment and Early Effects ofOmphalapion hookeri(Kirby) (Coleoptera: Apionidae) as a Biological Control Agent for Scentless Chamomile,Matricaria perforataMérat (Asteraceae)

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