Scene Categorization in Alzheimer's Disease: A Saccadic Choice Task

Lenoble, Quentin; Bubbico, Giovanna; Szaffarczyk, Sébastien; Pasquier, Florence; Boucart, Muriel

doi:10.1159/000366054

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Of the included studies, seven studies incorporated goal-directed paradigms with naturalistic stimuli [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 71 , 74 , 76 ]. Moreover, whilst Coco et al [ 69 ] and Shakespeare et al [ 73 ] incorporated tasks that were naturalistic by nature (e.g., free image search), the duration of the image presentation was insufficient for the participant to engage in free visual exploration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resultantly, 39 papers passed through full-text screening and were identified as being relevant to our research question [ 25 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Naturalistic Eye Movement Tasks in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

et al. 2021

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Extensive research has demonstrated that eye-tracking tasks can effectively indicate cognitive impairment. For example, lab-based eye-tracking tasks, such as the antisaccade task, have robustly distinguished between people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and healthy older adults. Due to the neurodegeneration associated with AD, people with AD often display extended saccade latencies and increased error rates on eye-tracking tasks. Although the effectiveness of using eye tracking to identify cognitive impairment appears promising, research considering the utility of eye tracking during naturalistic tasks, such as reading, in identifying cognitive impairment is limited. The current review identified 39 articles assessing eye-tracking distinctions between people with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy controls when completing naturalistic task (reading, real-life simulations, static image search) or a goal-directed task involving naturalistic stimuli. The results revealed that naturalistic tasks show promising biomarkers and distinctions between healthy older adults and AD participants, and therefore show potential to be used for diagnostic and monitoring purposes. However, only twelve articles included MCI participants and assessed the sensitivity of measures to detect cognitive impairment in preclinical stages. In addition, the review revealed inconsistencies within the literature, particularly when assessing reading tasks. We urge researchers to expand on the current literature in this area and strive to assess the robustness and sensitivity of eye-tracking measures in both AD and MCI populations on naturalistic tasks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Naturalistic Eye Movement Tasks in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…AD participants had a formal diagnosis of dementia due to AD and met the requirements for the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV) and the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS) for AD. MCI participants met the following criteria [ 35 ] and had a diagnosis of dementia due to mild cognitive impairment: (1) subjective reports of memory decline (reported by the individual or caregiver/informant); (2) memory and/or cognitive impairment (scores on standard cognitive tests were >1.5 SDs below age norms); (3) activities of daily living were preserved. The following exclusion criteria were applied: patients with acute physical symptoms, focal cerebral lesions, history of neurological disease (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscular dystrophy), cerebrovascular disorders (including ischemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, atherosclerosis), psychosis, active or past alcohol or substance misuse/dependence or any physical or mental condition severe enough to interfere with their ability to participate in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Disengagement of Visual Attention: An Eye-Tracking Study of Cognitive Impairment, Ethnicity and Age

2020

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Various studies have shown that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with an impairment of inhibitory control, although we do not have a comprehensive understanding of the associated cognitive processes. The ability to engage and disengage attention is a crucial cognitive operation of inhibitory control and can be readily investigated using the “gap effect” in a saccadic eye movement paradigm. In previous work, various demographic factors were confounded; therefore, here, we examine separately the effects of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease, ethnicity/culture and age. This study included young (N = 44) and old (N = 96) European participants, AD (N = 32), mildly cognitively impaired participants (MCI: N = 47) and South Asian older adults (N = 94). A clear reduction in the mean reaction times was detected in all the participant groups in the gap condition compared to the overlap condition, confirming the effect. Importantly, this effect was also preserved in participants with MCI and AD. A strong effect of age was also evident, revealing a slowing in the disengagement of attention during the natural process of ageing.

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“…The fact that the patients were able to execute the task as correctly as the HOAs were suggests that our results on engagement delays are unlikely to be explained by other factors, such as altered visual search strategies (Foldi et al, 1992;Nebes and Brady, 1989;Porter et al, 2010;Rösler et al, 2000;Tales et al, 2004), lack of motivation (Modrego, 2010;Starkstein, 2006), impaired object discrimination (Boucart et al, 2014a), scene categorization (Lee et al, 2007;Lenoble et al, 2015), or forgetfulness. In addition, patients with AD rated emotional targets as more negative and arousing than neutral targets, suggesting that, similar to the control groups, they were able to correctly discriminate target content.…”

Section: Selective Impairment Of Attentional Engagement Toward Negatimentioning

confidence: 79%

Impact of emotionally negative information on attentional processes in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease

Bourgin

Silvert

Borg

et al. 2020

Brain and Cognition

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Impairments of emotional processing have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), consistently with the existence of early amygdala atrophy in the pathology. In this study, we hypothesized that patients with AD might show a deficit of orientation toward emotional information under conditions of visual search. Eighteen patients with AD, 24 age-matched controls, and 35 young controls were eye-tracked while they performed a visual search task on a computer screen. The target was a vehicle with implicit (negative or neutral) emotional content, presented concurrently with one, three, or five non-vehicle neutral distractors. The task was to find the target and to report whether a break in the target frame was on the left or on the right side. Both control groups detected negative targets more efficiently than they detected neutral targets, showing facilitated engagement toward negative information. In contrast, patients with AD showed no influence of emotional information on engagement delays. However, all groups reported the frame break location more slowly for negative than for neutral targets (after accounting for the last fixation delay), showing a more difficult disengagement from negative information. These findings are the first to highlight a selective lack of emotional influence on engagement processes in patients with AD. The involvement of amygdala alterations in this behavioral impairment remains to be investigated.

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Scene Categorization in Alzheimer's Disease: A Saccadic Choice Task

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

The Potential of Naturalistic Eye Movement Tasks in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

The Potential of Naturalistic Eye Movement Tasks in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

The Disengagement of Visual Attention: An Eye-Tracking Study of Cognitive Impairment, Ethnicity and Age

Impact of emotionally negative information on attentional processes in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease

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