Scenarios of public energy research and development expenditures: financing energy innovation in Europe

Bointner, Raphael; Pezzutto, Simon; Sparber, Wolfram

doi:10.1002/wene.200

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Figure 1 shows clearly the effects of the oil crises of 1973 and 1979 with constantly rising RES R&D expenditures and two peaks of total annual budgets of almost half a billion EUR in 1981 and 1984. However, the main alternative these days was nuclear energy as shown by Bointner et al [25]. The decreasing R&D funding in the second half of the 1980s and minor R&D budgets during the 1990s are an effect of the low-level oil prices at that time.…”

Section: Literature Review and Discussion Of The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Financing Innovations for the Renewable Energy Transition in Europe

et al. 2016

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Renewable energy sources are vital to achieving Europe's 2030 energy transition goals. Technological innovation, driven by public expenditures on research and development, is a major driver for this change. Thus, an extensive dataset on these expenditures of the European Member States and the European Commission, dating back to the early 1970s, was created. This paper creates predictive scenarios of public investment in renewable energy research and development in Europe based on this historical dataset and current trends. Funding from both, European Member States and the European Commission, between today and 2030 are used in the analysis. The impact on the cumulative knowledge stock is also estimated. Two projection scenarios are presented: (1) business as usual; and (2) an advanced scenario, based on the assumption that the Mission Innovation initiative causes public expenditures to increase in the coming years. Both scenarios are compared to the European 2030 climate and energy framework target sets. Results indicate that Member States in Europe currently tend to fund renewables more than the European Commission, but funding from both sources is expected to increase in the future. Furthermore, the European Commission distributes its funding more equally across the various renewable energy sources than Member States.

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Section: Literature Review and Discussion Of The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formulae from Bointner et al [25] were rearranged for the data analysis. For the BAU case (R&D BAU ), the funding estimate is based on the GDP growth of country i and the floating average of the R&D expenditures for the last five years in RES technology group k according to Equation (1).…”

Section: Scenarios Of Public Randd Expenditures Until 2030mentioning

confidence: 99%

Financing Innovations for the Renewable Energy Transition in Europe

et al. 2016

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“…The largest parts of energy utilization within the EU building stock (~75% in total), according to an order of magnitude, occur for space heating (SH), domestic hot water (DHW), and space cooling (SC) [11]. In the past three decades, EU MS invested massively in assessing the energy used by the different sectors [12][13][14][15][16][17]. In contrast to SC, the SH and DHW field is well researched in the scientific literature since more than two decades apart [7,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water Market in Europe—Open Data and Results

et al. 2019

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The paper investigates the European space heating (SH) and domestic hot water (DHW) market in order to close knowledge gaps concerning its size. The stimulus for this research arises from incongruences found in SH and DHW market’s data in spite of over two decades of scientific research. The given investigation has been carried out in the framework of the Hotmaps project (Horizon 2020—H2020), which aims at designing an open source toolbox to support urban planners, energy agencies, and public authorities in heating and cooling (H&C) planning on country, regional, and local levels. Our research collects and analyzes SH and DHW market data in the European Union (EU), specifically the amount of operative units, installed capacities, energy efficiency coefficients as well as equivalent full-load hours per equipment type and country, with a bottom-up approach. The analysis indicates that SH and DHW account for a significant portion of the total EU energy utilization (more than 20%), amounting to almost 3900 TWh/y. At the same time, the energy consumption provided by district heating (DH) systems exceeds the one of condensing boilers. While DH systems applications are growing throughout the EU, the replacement of elderly, conventional boilers progresses at a slower pace.

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“…This time lag is captured within the model as shown in formula (3). After a literature review, which is also supported by an average duration of EU funded R&D projects of 3.2 years [50], this time lag was subsequently fixed to three years. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of this time lag shows a marginal influence on the results [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of experience and knowledge on reactor safety in Germany

Bointner

Schubert

2015

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

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After five decades of nuclear power generation in Germany, the government decided to phase out nuclear power plants until 2022 as a consequence of the Fukushima disaster in 2011. Electricity generation is accompanied by human and technical errors, which questions if the nuclear phase-out has an influence on reactor safety. Past errors, available as so-called reportable events of nuclear power plants, can be approximated with experience measured in cumulated electricity generation by applying the Duffey-Saull method with a high coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.84). Errors are declining with growing experience, which means the reportable events per TWh are declining over time. Today, approximately 0.9 reportable events per generated TWh occur and, given unchanging operational conditions, it is expected to remain at this magnitude in the near future. Moreover, knowledge induced by public Research and Development expenditures may supplement experience in reducing reportable events. Thus, the cumulative fission knowledge stock of Germany was added to the Duffey-Saull method for the first time. By adjusting the knowledge depreciation rate within this extended method, the prediction of reportable events is more accurate. Best results were obtained with 10.8% depreciation rate, which is also in line with the literature.

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Scenarios of public energy research and development expenditures: financing energy innovation in Europe

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Financing Innovations for the Renewable Energy Transition in Europe

Financing Innovations for the Renewable Energy Transition in Europe

Assessment of the Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water Market in Europe—Open Data and Results

The influence of experience and knowledge on reactor safety in Germany

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