Scenarios in the Design of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Basten, Twan; Bastos, João; Medina, Róbinson; Sanden, Bram van der; Geilen, Marc; Goswami, Dip; Reniers, Michel A.; Stuijk, Sander; Voeten, J.P.M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20343-6_9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…We demonstrated the applicability of the algebra and of the specification method by solving the BMO problem of an industrial case study of a wafer handling controller as well as to the xCPS system in Reference [11]. Further, we formalized a non-essential requirement of the wafer handler as a p-attracting constraint automaton and showed that its addition to the specification results in the reduction of the optimization-space of 60% compared with the original state-space and for which the optimal result was preserved.…”

Section: :25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Taming the State-space Explosion in the Makespan Optimization of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Bastos

Voeten

Stuijk

et al. 2021

ACM Trans. Cyber-Phys. Syst.

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This article presents a modular automaton-based framework to specify flexible manufacturing systems and to optimize the makespan of product batches. The Batch Makespan Optimization (BMO) problem is NP-Hard and optimization can therefore take prohibitively long, depending on the size of the state-space induced by the specification. To tame the state-space explosion problem, we develop an algebra based on automata equivalence and inclusion relations that consider both behavior and structure. The algebra allows us to systematically relate the languages induced by the automata, their state-space sizes, and their solutions to the BMO problem. Further, we introduce a novel constraint-based approach to systematically prune the state-space based on the the notions of nonpermutation-repulsiveness and permutation-attractiveness. We prove that constraining a nonpermutation-repulsing automaton with a permutation-attracting constraint always reduces the state-space. This approach allows us to (i) compute optimal solutions of the BMO problem when the (additional) constraints are taken into account and (ii) compute bounds for the (original) BMO problem (without using the constraints). We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by optimizing an industrial wafer handling controller.

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Section: :25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Taming the State-space Explosion in the Makespan Optimization of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Bastos

Voeten

Stuijk

et al. 2021

ACM Trans. Cyber-Phys. Syst.

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Modeling and analysis of switching max-plus linear systems with discrete-event feedback

Mohamadkhani,

Geilen,

Voeten

et al. 2023

Discrete Event Dyn Syst

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Switching max-plus linear system (SMPLS) models are an apt formalism for performance analysis of discrete-event systems. SMPLS analysis is more scalable than analysis through other formalisms such as timed automata, because SMPLS abstract pieces of determinate concurrent system behavior into atomic modes with fixed timing. We consider discrete-event systems that are decomposed into a plant and a Supervisory Controller (SC) that controls the plant. The SC needs to react to events, concerning e.g. the successful completion or failure of an action, to determine the future behavior of the system, for example, to initiate a retrial of the action. To specify and analyze such system behavior and the impact of feedback on timing properties, we introduce an extension to SMPLS with discrete-event feedback. In this extension, we model the plant behavior with system modes and capture the timing of discrete-event feedback emission from plant to SC in the mode matrices. Furthermore, we use I/O automata to capture how the SC responds to discrete-event feedback with corresponding mode sequences of the SMPLS. We define the semantics of SMPLS with events using new state-space equations that are akin to classical SMPLS with dynamic state-vector sizes. To analyze the extended models, we formulate a transformation from SMPLS with events to classical SMPLS with equivalent semantics and properties such that performance properties can be analyzed using existing techniques. Our approach enables the specification of discrete-event feedback from the plant to the SC and its performance analysis. We demonstrate our approach by specifying and analyzing the makespan of a flexible manufacturing system.

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Modeling, implementation, and analysis of XRCE-DDS applications in distributed multi-processor real-time embedded systems

Dehnavi

Goswami

Koedam

et al. 2021

2021 Design, Automation &Amp; Test in Europe Conference &Amp; Exhibition (DATE)

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The Publish-Subscribe paradigm is a design pattern for transparent communication in many recent distributed applications. Data Distribution Service (DDS) is a machine-to-machine communication standard that aims to provide reliable, highperformance, inter-operable, and real-time data exchange based on publish-subscribe paradigm. However, the high resource requirement of DDS limits its usage in low-cost embedded systems. XRCE-DDS is a Client-Agent based standard to enable resource-constrained small embedded systems to connect to the DDS global data space. Current XRCE-DDS implementations suffer from dependencies with host operating systems, target only single processing units, and lack performance analysis methods. In this paper, we present a bare-metal implementation of XRCE-DDS standard on the CompSOC platform as an instance of Multi-Processor System on Chip (MPSoC). The proposed framework includes a hard real-time side hosting the XRCE-DDS Client, and a soft real-time side hosting the XRCE-DDS Agent. A Scenario Aware Data Flow (SADF) model is proposed to capture the dynamism of the system behavior in terms of different execution scenarios. We analyze the long-term expected value for throughput by capturing the probabilistic scenario switching using a proposed Markov model which is experimentally validated.

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Scenarios in the Design of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Taming the State-space Explosion in the Makespan Optimization of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Taming the State-space Explosion in the Makespan Optimization of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Modeling and analysis of switching max-plus linear systems with discrete-event feedback

Modeling, implementation, and analysis of XRCE-DDS applications in distributed multi-processor real-time embedded systems

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