Scenario analysis of CO2 emissions from China’s civil aviation industry through 2030

Zhou, Weisheng; Wang, Tao; Yu, Yadong; Chen, Dingjiang; Zhu, Bing

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.004

Cited by 101 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, compared with traditional energy‐intensive manufacturing, the aviation industry has had relatively higher energy efficiency. Unless subversive technological breakthroughs occur (i.e., new aviation biofuels), it will be very hard to further reduce carbon emissions through traditional carbon emissions abatement means (i.e., improving aircraft engine efficiency and optimizing airport operation; Zhou, Wang, Yu, Chen, & Zhu, ). Meanwhile, in the carbon trading market, the aviation industry often plays the role of a net demander (Nava, Meleo, Cassetta, & Morelli, ), so if carbon prices increase, the abatement costs of aviation enterprises will increase, which may bring great challenges to the overall operation of the aviation industry.…”

Section: Results and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does China's carbon emissions trading policy improve the technology innovation of relevant enterprises?

2019

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China's carbon emissions trading (CET) policy aims to force relevant enterprises to implement low‐carbon technology innovation and address environmental challenges through marketization means. However, how China's CET policy may affect enterprise technology innovation and whether this effect may differ in industries remain to be further investigated. Therefore, based on the panel data of listed enterprises covered by the CET policy in China during 2009–2017, this paper employs the difference‐in‐difference (DID) and DID‐based propensity score matching models to evaluate the effect of CET on technology innovation. The empirical results indicate that the effect of China's CET on the technology innovation of related enterprises is generally not significant during the sample period, but this effect presents evident industrial heterogeneity. Specifically, among the eight CET‐covered industries, the CET policy helps to improve technology innovation for power and aviation enterprises but not in the other six industries (i.e., steel, chemical, building material, petrochemical, nonferrous metals, and paper), which implies that China's CET policy still has great potential for promoting the technology innovation of related enterprises. In addition, the central findings remain robust when the system generalized method of moment and DID‐based coarsened exact matching models are applied to consider the influence of omitted variables, unobservable confounders, and different matching methods.

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Section: Results and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does China's carbon emissions trading policy improve the technology innovation of relevant enterprises?

2019

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“…CO 2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a long proven technology for improving production from mature oil fields. In recent years, there has been an increasing global demand for the mitigation of atmospheric greenhouse gases such as CO 2 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The CO 2 -EOR process has the potential of both improving oil recovery and sequestering large volumes of injected CO 2 thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum design of CO2 storage and oil recovery under geological uncertainty

et al. 2017

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This paper presents an integrated numerical framework to co-optimize EOR and CO 2 storage performance under uncertainty in the Farnsworth Unit (FWU) oil field in Ochiltree County, Texas. The framework includes a field-scale compositional reservoir multiphase flow model, an uncertainty quantification model and a neural network optimization process. The reservoir flow model has been constructed based on the field geophysical, geological, and engineering data. Equation of state parameters were tuned to achieve field measured fluid properties and subsequently used to predict the minimum miscible pressure (MMP). A history match of primary and secondary recovery processes was conducted to estimate the reservoir and multiphase flow parameters as the base case for analyzing the effect of recycling produced gas, infill drilling and water alternating gas (WAG) cycles on oil recovery and CO 2 storage. A multi-objective optimization model was defined for maximizing both oil recovery and CO 2 storage. The uncertainty quantification model comprising the Latin Hypercube sampling, Monte Carlo simulation, and sensitivity analysis, was used to study the effects of uncertain variables on the defined objective functions. Uncertain variables include bottom hole injection pressure, WAG cycle, injection and production group rates, and gas-oil ratio. The most significant variables were chosen as control variables to be used for the optimization process. A neural network optimization algorithm was utilized to optimize the objective function both with and without geological uncertainty. The vertical permeability anisotropy (Kv/Kh) was selected as one of the uncertain parameters in the optimization process. The simulation results were compared to a scenario baseline case that predicted CO 2 storage of 74%. The results showed an improved approach for optimizing oil recovery and CO 2 storage in the FWU. The optimization model predicted that about 94% of CO 2 would be stored and most importantly, that this increased storage could result in about 25% of incremental oil recovery. The sensitivity analysis reduced the number of control variables to decrease computational time. A risk aversion factor was used to represent results at various confidence levels to assist management in the decision-making process. The defined objective functions were shown to be a robust approach to co-optimize oil recovery and CO 2 storage.

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“…11. The leaner portion of the investigated behaves similarly to conventional combustors: higher pressures increase NO x emissions as in Equation (2). The increase is caused by the increase in residence times at higher p, similarly to the effect described in Section 2.2.…”

Section: Effect Of Operating Pressure On the Itbmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…For conventional combustors, the scaling of NO x has been reported to follow the expression of Equation (2). The exponent n usually has a value between 0.5 and 0.8 for values closer to stoichiometry (15) , while leaner equivalence ratios are not usually affected by p, having n equal to 0 (14) .…”

Section: Effect Of Operating Pressure On the Itbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contribution of aviation to the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases is estimated to increase despite the urgency for reducing emissions. Emissions of CO 2 by international aviation were projected to increase by 144% between 2005 and 2025 (1) and the increase in CO 2 emissions in China is projected to be 3.9% per year from 2013 till 2030 (2) . Subsequent to the required reduction in CO 2 emissions, emission of minor pollutants such as CO and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) also require attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of chemical reaction mechanism and NO_x formation pathways on an inter-turbine burner

Perpignan

Rao

2019

Aeronaut. j.

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One of the main challenges of future aircraft engines is to achieve low pollutant emissions while maintaining high combustion efficiencies and operability. The Flameless Combustion (FC) regime is pointed as one of the promising solutions due to its well-distributed reaction zones that yield low NOx emissions and oscillations. A dual-combustor configuration potentially facilitates the attainment of FC in the Inter-Turbine Burner (ITB). The development of such burner is dependent on knowledge regarding NOx formation and the parameters affecting it. It is known from the literature that the NOx formation mechanisms are different in FC. Therefore, in an attempt to clarify some of the mechanisms involved in NOx formation at relevant conditions, a chemical reactor network model developed to represent the ITB is explored. The role of prompt NOx was previously shown to be dominant at relatively low inlet temperatures and atmospheric pressure. In order to check these findings, five chemical reaction mechanisms were employed. All of them overpredicted NOx emissions and the overprediction is likely to be caused by the prompt NOx subset implemented in these mechanisms. Higher reactants temperatures and operational pressures were also investigated. Overall NOx emissions increased with temperature and the NOx peak moved to lower equivalence ratios. Operational pressure changed the emissions trend with global equivalence ratio. Leaner conditions had behaviour similar to that of conventional combustors (increase in NOx), while NOx dropped with further increase in equivalence ratio due to suppression of the prompt NOx production, as well as an increase in NO reburning. These trends highlight the differences between the emission behaviour of the ITB with those of a conventional combustion system.

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Scenario analysis of CO2 emissions from China’s civil aviation industry through 2030

Cited by 101 publications

References 17 publications

Does China's carbon emissions trading policy improve the technology innovation of relevant enterprises?

Does China's carbon emissions trading policy improve the technology innovation of relevant enterprises?

Optimum design of CO2 storage and oil recovery under geological uncertainty

Effects of chemical reaction mechanism and NO_x formation pathways on an inter-turbine burner

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Scenario analysis of CO2 emissions from China’s civil aviation industry through 2030

Cited by 101 publications

References 17 publications

Does China's carbon emissions trading policy improve the technology innovation of relevant enterprises?

Does China's carbon emissions trading policy improve the technology innovation of relevant enterprises?

Optimum design of CO2 storage and oil recovery under geological uncertainty

Effects of chemical reaction mechanism and NOx formation pathways on an inter-turbine burner

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Product

Resources

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Effects of chemical reaction mechanism and NO_x formation pathways on an inter-turbine burner