International audienceWe present calculations of the efficiency of excitation of surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) with surface structures illuminated by focussed beams. First, it is shown that the low reflectivity observed with broad highly directional beams and periodic gratings does not necessarily imply an efficient coupling to SPPs. We then consider the coupling through surface features like steps, grooves and angled steps, and calculate efficiency maps for these structures as functions of the parameters that define them. Finally, we explore the possibilities of improving the coupling efficiency using periodic structures consisting of a small number of rectangular grooves. We find that a surface section with a length of about four wavelengths can couple as much as 45% of the incident light into a directional SPP. 1 Introduction Surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) are surface electromagnetic modes that take the form of surface traveling waves at the boundaries between metals and dielectrics. Although their basic properties have been known for some time, their importance for nano-photonic applications has produced a renewed interest on the subject. Several reviews of their properties and potential uses can be found in the literature [1–5]. Since the real part of their wavenumber is larger than that of light in vacuum (v/c), SPPs cannot be excited directly by volume waves propagating in vacuum. The classical methods of exciting SPPs include diffraction gratings [6, 7], and the Otto and Kretschmann configurations [1]. These methods are well-suited to the use of broad, highly collimated beams, but their implementation can be problematic in confined or miniaturized spaces. Techniques based on the interaction of highly focussed beams with sharp surface features or defects are commonly used in such situations. The efficient launching of SPPs in small spaces is essential for the development of surface plasmon photonic circuits. Not surprisingly, the coupling efficiency of SPP, defined as the ratio of the power in the excited SPP and the power of the incident beam, has received some attention i