Scattering Objects Detection Using Diffraction Imaging

Khaidukov, V.; Landa, Evgeny

doi:10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.6.e08

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Seismic diffractions have for a long time been recognized as indicators of the presence of faults, pinchouts and reef edges in the subsurface (Krey 1952;Hagedoorn 1954;Kunz 1960). Diffractions have also been used to detect small-scale inhomogeneities (Landa and Keydar 1998;Khaidukov and Landa 2003) since they carry high-resolution information (Neidell 1997;Khaidukov, Landa and Moser 2004). However, a major challenge is due to the fact that the amplitudes of * E-mail: mtygel@gmail.com diffracted waves are in general much weaker than those of reflected ones, thus posing difficulties on their identification and interpretation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D common‐offset traveltime based diffraction enhancement and imaging

Asgedom

Gelius

Tygel

2013

Geophysical Prospecting

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The diffracted energy in a seismic recording contains key information about small‐scale inhomogeneities or discontinuities of the subsurface. Diffractions can therefore lead to high‐resolution imaging of subsurface structures associated with hydrocarbon traps. However, seismic diffracted signals are often much weaker than specular reflections and consequently require enhancement before they can be utilized. In this paper diffractions are enhanced relative to reflections based on two traveltime techniques, namely the modified common‐reflection‐surface approach, which uses the common‐reflection‐surface technique with some modification to tailor it for diffractions and the replacement‐media approach derived here for the purpose of a simplified parametrization of diffraction traveltimes. Both approaches are implemented in the common‐offset domain with the use of a finite‐offset central ray unlike the zero‐ or small‐offset diffraction enhancement techniques that use a zero‐offset central ray. The validity of the two moveout expressions is tested using velocity data taken from a smooth isotropic Marmousi model. A feasibility test was also carried out with respect to the new replacement‐media traveltime approximation addressing the various effects of signal‐to‐noise ratio, depth and lateral displacement of the diffractor location. Finally, diffraction enhancement and imaging was performed on 2D seismic data from the Jequitinhonha basin offshore Brazil. Diffractions were significantly enhanced and a high‐resolution image of the discontinuities of the subsurface was obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D common‐offset traveltime based diffraction enhancement and imaging

Asgedom

Gelius

Tygel

2013

Geophysical Prospecting

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Diffraction enhancement in prestack seismic data

Bansal

Imhof

2005

GEOPHYSICS

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Seismic diffractions are often considered noise and are intentionally or implicitly suppressed during processing. Diffraction-like events include true diffractions, wave conversions, or fracture waves which may contain valuable information about the subsurface and could be used for interpretation or imaging. Using synthetic and field data, we examine workflows to separate diffractions from reflections that allow enhancement of diffraction-like signals and suppression of reflections. The workflows consist of combinations of standard processing modules. Most workflows apply normal moveout corrections to flatten reflection hyperbolas, which eases their removal. We observe that the most effective techniques are the decomposition of seismic gathers into eigensections and flows based on Radon transformations.

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