Scattered trees in an oil palm landscape: Density, size and distribution

Korol, Y.; Khokthong, Watit; Zemp, Delphine Clara; Irawan, Bambang; Kreft, Holger; Hölscher, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01688

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…This study leveraged the largest dataset on marbled cats yet compiled to uncover compelling evidence that the species is forest dependent and negatively impacted by habitat degradation and oil palm plantations. This is not surprising because logged forests and oil palm plantations lack the tree connectivity and canopy complexity of intact forests that semi‐arboreal marbled cats may prefer (Korol et al, 2021; Luskin & Potts, 2011). Marbled cats also appear to shift their activity patterns in degraded forests (Figure 5), likely to avoid interactions with humans; however, the shift was not statistically significant because Wald's test is sensitive to a low sample size and there were only seven detections of marbled cats in degraded forests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marbled cats in Southeast Asia: Are diurnal and semi‐arboreal felids at greater risk from human disturbances?

et al. 2023

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Southeast Asia supports the greatest diversity of felids globally, but this diversity is threatened by the severe forest loss and degradation occurring in the region. The response of felids to disturbances appears to differ depending on their ecology. For example, the largely terrestrial and nocturnal leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) thrives near forest edges and in oil palm plantations where it hunts rodents (Muridae) at night, thereby avoiding human activity peaks. Conversely, we hypothesized that the sympatric and similar-sized marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata) would respond negatively to edges and relatively open oil palm plantations as they are more arboreal than leopard cats, rely on tree connectivity for hunting, and are diurnal so have less potential to temporally avoid humans. We used camera trapping from Southeast Asia to test habitat associations at multiple spatial scales using zero-inflated Poisson generalized linear mixed models and hierarchical occupancy modeling. We found that marbled cats were positively associated with large intact forests and, in contrast to leopard cats, negatively associated with oil palm plantations. Furthermore, we found preliminary evidence suggesting marbled cats may adapt their diel activity to become more crepuscular in degraded forests, likely shifting their activity to avoid humans. These findings suggest that the marbled cat's International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List conservation status should potentially be upgraded from Near Threatened to Vulnerable, matching other forest-dependent felids in the region. We posit our findings may be generalizable such that semi-arboreal and diurnal felids could face greater threats from habitat degradation than their terrestrial and nocturnal relatives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marbled cats in Southeast Asia: Are diurnal and semi‐arboreal felids at greater risk from human disturbances?

et al. 2023

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“…The experiment covers an area of approximately 160 ha and is embedded within a conventionally managed industrial oil palm plantation. The surrounding landscape is dominated by oil palm monoculture with some patches of rubber, fallow lands, orchard, and secondary forests (Korol et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree identity and canopy openness mediate oil palm biodiversity enrichment effects on insect herbivory and pollination

Graß

Zemp

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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As the extent of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation has expanded at the expense of tropical rainforests, enriching conventional large-scale oil palm plantations with native trees has been proposed as a strategy for restoring biodiversity and ecosystem function. However, how tree enrichment affects insect-mediated ecosystem functions is unknown. We investigated impacts on insect herbivory and pollination in the fourth year of a plantation-scale, long-term oil palm biodiversity enrichment experiment in Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia. Within 48 plots systematically varying in size (25-1600 m 2 ) and planted tree species richness (one to six species), we collected response data on vegetation structure, understory insect abundances, and pollinator and herbivore activity on chili plants (Capsicum annuum), which served as indicators of insect-mediated ecosystem functions. We examined the independent effects of plot size, tree species richness, and tree identity on these response variables, using the linear model for random partitions design. The experimental treatments were most associated with vegetation structure: tree identity mattered, as the species Peronema canescens strongly decreased (by approximately one standard deviation) both canopy openness and understory vegetation cover; whereas tree richness only decreased understory flower density. Further, the smallest plots had the lowest understory flower density and richness, presumably because of lower light availability and colonization rates, respectively.Enrichment influenced herbivorous insects and natural enemies in the understory to a lesser extent: both groups had higher abundances in plots with two enrichment species planted, possibly because higher associated tree mortality created more habitat, while herbivores decreased with increasing tree species richness, in line with the resource concentration hypothesis. Linking relationships in structural equation models showed that the negative association

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“…Cabe anotar que el término de árboles dispersos está más relacionado con la incorporación de los individuos arbóreos en procesos y sistemas productivos de carácter agropecuario, correspondiendo al manejo de la regeneración natural o a la siembra de especímenes forestales con algún propósito específico o incluso considerándose como aquellos árboles que se encuentran "fuera de los bosques" (FAO, 2010 citado por Korol et al, 2021). Una de las definiciones más comunes, está enfocada a la incorporación de árboles en potreros bajo algún arreglo de sistemas silvopastoriles y es la de los árboles dispersos.…”

Section: Arbolado Jovenunclassified

“…Palabras clave: Bienes y servicios ecosistémicos; ciudad; fragmentación; paisaje; sistema productivo. L os árboles dispersos y árboles aislados reconocidos como aquellos individuos vegetales de carácter leñoso, producto de procesos naturales de regeneración o de siembra directa por parte de ser humano, han acompañado el desarrollo de procesos productivos rurales (sistemas agrícolas, ganaderos y forestales), a la par que hacen parte de los paisajes en centros poblados (FAO, 2010 citado por Korol et al, 2021). Su presencia en un contexto determinado, más allá de un producto del azar o de la intencionalidad de una comunidad, conlleva beneficios de diversa índole a niveles socio ecosistémicos (Ojeda et al,2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Multifuncionalidad de árboles dispersos y árboles aislados en contextos urbanos y rurales

Santamaría¹,

Vargas²

2020

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Las funciones de los individuos vegetales de carácter leñoso en un sentido amplio están relacionadas con particularidades de carácter ecológico, ecosistémico, productivo, social y cultural. Ahora bien, cuando se analiza los aspectos conceptuales y las características específicas de los árboles dispersos y árboles aislados, entendidos como aquellos individuos producto de la regeneración natural o de la siembra directa por parte del ser humano, presentes en predios ubicados en áreas rurales y urbanas, conlleva a la especificidad de sus funciones en un contexto determinado. En tal sentido, los bienes y servicios ambientales y ecosistémicos que los árboles otorgan a la humanidad adquieren un valor diferencial cuando el individuo arbóreo o el conjunto de árboles (aislados y dispersos), se encuentran haciendo parte de un sistema productivo rural (agrícola, pecuario y agroforestal) o de un casco urbano. De esta manera, las funciones generales de los árboles que comprenden una amplia gama, desde ser corresponsables de la regulación hídrica, el control de erosión, el ciclaje de nutrientes, propiciar microclimas, producción de materias primas (productos maderables y no maderables), la conservación de la biodiversidad, el ser sumideros de carbono y la producción de oxígeno, entre otras, denota un análisis de mayor rigurosidad cuando el árbol hace parte esencial del paisaje y de la estructura productiva rural y urbana. Así las cosas, los árboles dispersos y aislados manejados de forma adecuada y como constituyentes esenciales de un sistema, propician el incremento de la productividad, pero también de las condiciones ambientales que mejoran considerablemente el bienestar humano y la conectividad ecosistémica de una región determinada.

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Scattered trees in an oil palm landscape: Density, size and distribution

Cited by 7 publications

References 62 publications

Marbled cats in Southeast Asia: Are diurnal and semi‐arboreal felids at greater risk from human disturbances?

Marbled cats in Southeast Asia: Are diurnal and semi‐arboreal felids at greater risk from human disturbances?

Tree identity and canopy openness mediate oil palm biodiversity enrichment effects on insect herbivory and pollination

Multifuncionalidad de árboles dispersos y árboles aislados en contextos urbanos y rurales

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