Scarlett Letter: A study based on experience of stigma by COVID-19 patients in quarantine

Imran, Nazish; Afzal, Hadia; Aamer, Irum; Hashmi, Ali Madeeh; Shabbir, Bilquis; Asif, Aftab; Farooq, Saeed

doi:10.12669/pjms.36.7.3606

Cited by 38 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This is in line with White Alan report on specifications of men and COVID-19, which revealed that the pandemic has affected men negatively, increasing the mental illness and stigma [13]. Furthermore, Imran et al, and similarly, in a qualitative study measuring different subscales of stigma towards COVID-19, males had more personalized stigma than females, this finding was significant (P-value=0.036) [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Stigma Related to COVID-19 Positive Patients in Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2020 Pandemic

Milibary

Mandoura²

2021

JPRI

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Background: COVID-19 has contributed to the development of stigma in the community of Jeddah, thus causing negative attitudes and beliefs toward individuals linked to the disease. Objective: To describe stigma related to COVID-19 positive patients and find out factors associated with stigma subscales. Subjects and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted on COVID-19 positive patients (lab confirmed) in Jeddah. The sample size was 420 patients, and the data was collected using a validated questionnaire adapted from HIV/AIDS stigma instrument (HASI-P). The data were analysed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 27.0). Results: Total number of responses was (419). The median age was 32 (IQR, 25-43). Both genders, Saudi and non-Saudi, were included. The tool used to measure the COVID-19 related stigma of different six subscales. The verbal abuse had a median of (0, IQR=0-0.25), negative self-perception (median=0, IQR=0.02), health care neglect (median=0, IQR=0-0), social isolation (median=0.2, IQR=0-0.6), fear of contagion (median=0.33, IQR=0-0.83) and workplace stigma (median=0, IQR=0-0). Male gender was significantly associated with social isolation and fear of contagion, while working in the health care field was associated with workplace-related stigma. Conclusion: COVID-19-related social stigma was reported by a considerable number of Jeddah healthcare providers, specifically workplace-related stigma. Unexpectedly, males need more attention as regard to social isolation and fear of contagion. The results of this study can be of used to guide supportive social interventions to suppress the COVID-19 related stigma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Stigma Related to COVID-19 Positive Patients in Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2020 Pandemic

Milibary

Mandoura²

2021

JPRI

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“…The stigma caused by COVID-19 has profound implications in numerous dimensions, namely (i) the reinforcement of stereotypes and pre-existing ideas (Chopra & Arora, 2020); and (ii) the existence of rumours (Huda et al, 2020;Chopra & Arora, 2020), which hinders collaboration in controlling the disease (testing, maintaining isolation or prophylactic quarantine,…) (Huda et al, 2020;Imran et al, 2020;Tomczyk, Rahn, & Schmidt, 2020;Roelen et al, 2020;Adja, Golinelli, Lenzi, Fantini, & Wu, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, it generates stigmatisation (Prosen, 2020;Logie, 2020;Abdelhafiz & Alorabi, 2020;Ransing et al, 2020;Badrfam & Zandifar, 2020;Peprah & Gyasi, 2020;Chopra & Arora, 2020;Imran et al, 2020;Roelen et al, 2020;Pulla, 2020;Ramaci, Barattucci, Ledda, & Rapisarda, 2020). According to Peprah and Gyasi (2020), "Growing evidence suggests that stigma associated with COVID-19 is a major source of mental distress such as stress, anxiety and depression among the frontline health workers, and affected individuals with serious implication for their wellbeing" (p. 1).…”

Section: Sustainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Stigmatisation Processes

Serpa

Ferreira

2021

JESR

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“…Those who are stigmatized are vulnerable to social avoidance or rejection, poor treatment-seeking behavior, and even physical violence (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). As for the case of COVID-19, it also found that COVID-19 has caused embarrassment, exposed confidentiality, delay or refusal of treatment, non-compliance with action and treatment, physical and psychological stress,and self-stigma (Imran et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Social Support to Reduce Disease-Related Stigma: Lesson Learned from Corona Virus Disease-19

Khairunnisa¹,

Martiyana²,

Yunitawati³

et al. 2021

IJICC

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Stigma associated with COVID-19 is intense. One of the factors that can help in reducing stigma is social support. This research aims to explore stigma, efforts to deal with stigma, and support for people diagnosed with COVID-19. The research design is qualitative research using phenomenological approach and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Data collection was carried out in July-August 2020 through telephone interviews with eleven positive COVID-19 informants. Of the eleven informants who were COVID-19 positive, eight of them experienced stigma. Nonetheless, both stigmatized and non-stigmatized informants received social support. Friends and family are the main sources of support for stigmatized informants. Meanwhile, for non-stigmatized informants, the main support was obtained from the community. The results showed that social support can reduce or even eliminate stigma. The social support that comes from the community is the most influential in reducing stigma. From this research, public support is more efficient compared to individual support. When the community provides support together, the risk of stigma can be reduced. The results of this study can be used to prevent stigmatizing behavior by strengthening social support, especially community support.

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Scarlett Letter: A study based on experience of stigma by COVID-19 patients in quarantine

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

Stigma Related to COVID-19 Positive Patients in Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2020 Pandemic

Stigma Related to COVID-19 Positive Patients in Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2020 Pandemic

COVID-19 and Stigmatisation Processes

Social Support to Reduce Disease-Related Stigma: Lesson Learned from Corona Virus Disease-19

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