Scarce Foods are Perceived as Having More Calories

Salerno, Anthony; Sevilla, Julio

doi:10.1002/jcpy.1090

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…As indicated above, consumers have difficulty correctly perceiving numerical information. For instance, they may overestimate the number of calories when food is scarce (Salerno and Sevilla, 2019) or underestimate them in relation to certain products like wine (Bui et al , 2008). This is why pictorial warning labels may be better at explaining the caloric content of a beverage and thereby discourage excessive consumption.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pictorial warning labels as deterrents of alcohol abuse

Piper

Mileti

Prete

et al. 2021

BFJ

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PurposeThe purpose of this research is to demonstrate the effectiveness of pictorial warning labels that leverage the risk of obesity as a deterrent against alcohol abuse. It evaluates the impact of three different kinds of warning labels that can potentially discourage alcoholic drinking: (1) a claim, in text format, that cautions consumers about the product (i.e. a responsibility warning statement); (2) a textual warning label, text-format information on the content of the product or the consequences of excessive consumption (i.e. a synthetic nutritional table); (3) a pictorial warning label, an image depicting a food product with a caloric content equivalent to that of an alcoholic beverage.Design/methodology/approachIn Study 1, a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design is used to evaluate the intention to buy different alcoholic cocktails. The stimuli comprised two cocktails that are similar in alcoholic volume, but different in their caloric content. The images of the products were presented across eight warning label conditions and shown to 480 randomly selected Italian respondents who quantified their intention to buy the product. In Study 2, a different sample of 34 Italian respondents was solicited with the same stimuli considered in Study 1, and neuropsychological measurements through Electroencephalography (EEG) were registered. A post hoc least significance difference (LSD) test is used to analyse data.FindingsThe results show that only the presence of an image representing an alcoholic beverage's caloric content causes a significant reduction in consumers' purchase intentions. This effect is due to the increase in negative emotions caused by pictorial warning labels.Originality/valueThe findings provide interesting insights on pictorial warning labels, which can influence the intention to purchase alcoholic beverages. They confirmed that the use of images in the warning labels has a greater impact than text, and that the risk of obesity is an effective deterrent in encouraging consumers to make healthier choices.

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Section: Theoretical Background and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pictorial warning labels as deterrents of alcohol abuse

Piper

Mileti

Prete

et al. 2021

BFJ

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show abstract

“…By contrast, resource scarcity refers to a lack of either the capital (e.g., financial) or input (e.g., time) that individuals would invest to acquire goods and services. Although prior studies have examined the effects of product (e.g., Brock 1968;Cialdini 1993;Kristofferson et al 2017;Parker and Lehmann 2011;Salerno and Sevilla 2019;Zhu and Ratner 2015) and resource scarcity (e.g., Griskevicius et al 2011;Shah, Shafir, and Mullainathan 2015), they focused on only one or the other, limiting our understanding of how the two types of scarcity consumers experience interactively affect consumer behavior. To provide a comprehensive understanding of scarcity effects, we included resource scarcity, particularly through childhood SES, as the primary moderating variable.…”

Section: Impact Of Scarcity On the Consumer Decision-making Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Aspects of Scarcity Information with Regard to Travel Options: The Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status

Park

Kim

2020

Journal of Travel Research

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This research used three experimental studies to examine the effect of scarcity information on choosing a hotel room online. The studies also investigated the moderating role of the buyer’s childhood socioeconomic status (SES), using evolutionary perspectives and the life history theory. Our findings revealed that travelers showed a preference for a hotel room option if they were given information that the room was scarce. This preference was stronger for travelers who had low childhood SES and who were low in materialistic traits. The findings of this empirical research add academic value by adopting the roles of heretofore novel concepts, childhood SES and materialism, in understanding the effects of consumer information messaging. The findings also add to the understanding of how context in online websites substantially affects potential travelers’ decision making. Therefore, this research will provide helpful guidance for making online websites more user-friendly and effective in their promotions to potential customers.

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“…There is evidence for a positive relationship between scarcity and antisocial behavior ( Prediger et al., 2014 ; Kristofferson et al., 2017 ). With respect to food, previous research finds that scarce foods are perceived as having more calories because scarce food is seen as more valuable and expensive, leading to motivated perception in which higher calorie estimates are the result of a desire to acquire more of the scarce product ( Salerno & Sevilla, 2019 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 demand-induced scarcity effects on nutrition and environment: investigating mitigation strategies for eggs and wheat flour in the United Kingdom

Trollman

Jagtap

García-García

et al. 2021

Sustainable Production and Consumption

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The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to food insecurity in developed countries. Despite adequate levels of agricultural production, consumers experienced demand-induced scarcity. Understanding the effects on nutrition and the environment is limited, yet critical to informing ecologically embedded mitigation strategies. To identify mitigation strategies, we investigated wheat flour and egg retail shortages in the United Kingdom (UK), focusing on consumer behavior during the COVID-19 lockdown. The 6 Steps for Quality Intervention Development (6SQuID) framework informed the methodology. Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods were used to pinpoint the causes of the shortages, and ecological impacts of consumer behavior were related using survey results (n = 243) and environmental and nutritional databases. This research confirmed consumers' narrowed consideration set, willingness to pay, and significant reliance on processed foods which indicates agronomic biofortification, breeding strategies, selective imports and improved processed food quality are important mitigation strategies. We identified positive and negative synergies in consumer, producer and retailer behavior and related these to mitigation strategies in support of a circular bio-economy for food production. We found that the substitutes or alternative foods consumed during the COVID-19 lockdown were nutritionally inadequate. We identified the most ecological substitute for wheat flour to be corn flour; and for eggs, yogurt. Our findings also indicate that selenium deficiency is a risk for the UK population, especially to the increasing fifth of the population that is vegetarian. Due to the need to implement short-, medium-, and long-term mitigation strategies, a coordinated effort is required by all stakeholders.

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Scarce Foods are Perceived as Having More Calories

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Pictorial warning labels as deterrents of alcohol abuse

Pictorial warning labels as deterrents of alcohol abuse

Evolutionary Aspects of Scarcity Information with Regard to Travel Options: The Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status

COVID-19 demand-induced scarcity effects on nutrition and environment: investigating mitigation strategies for eggs and wheat flour in the United Kingdom

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