Scar Model

Allemand, Mathias; Grünenfelder‐Steiger, Andrea E.; Flückiger, Christoph

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_855-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Moreover, elevated ADS can compromise analytical thinking, goal-directed pursuits, and reality testing skills (Culbreth, Westbrook, & Barch, 2016;Tomljenovic & Bubic, 2019;Zainal & Newman, 2019), as well as increase vulnerability to cognitive distortions (e.g., jumping to conclusions, black-and-white thinking) over long durations (Barron et al, 2018). Thus, based on this scar theory (Allemand, Grünenfelder-Steiger, & Flückiger, 2018;Schmidt, Lerew, & Joiner, 2000), increased ADS would likely relate to lower trait NFC across time.…”

Section: Revised Manuscript (Clean Version)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Curiosity helps: Growth in need for cognition bidirectionally predicts future reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms across 10 years

Zainal

Newman

2022

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Introduction: Decreased motivational tendency to seek out, engage in, and enjoy investing in complex cognitive processes in a sustained manner (need for cognition; NFC) may be a predictor and consequence of heightened anxiety and depression symptoms (ADS).However, the majority of investigations on this topic have been cross-sectional, which hinders causal inferences. Methods: The current study thus determined the within-person relations between NFC and ADS by using random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) and bivariate dual latent change score (BLCS) approaches to separate between-and within-person effects. RI-CLPM and BLCS also present with advantages of adjusting for regression to the mean, baseline scores, autoregressive and lagged effects, and minimizing measurement error. Community-dwelling adults (n = 6750) completed the Mental Health Inventory-5 and trait-level NFC scales approximately every one year across 10 years. Results: RI-CLPM showed that within persons, lower level of NFC predicted higher future level of ADS, and vice versa (d = -0.852 to -0.498). Likewise, BLCS demonstrated that within persons, smaller change in NFC forecasted larger subsequent increase in ADS, and conversely (d = -0.631 to -0.519). Findings remained after adjusting for socio-demographic covariates. Conclusion: Consistent with theories, findings suggested that the within-person level-to-future level and change-to-future change relations among NFC and ADS were bi-directional and negative, with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Targeting NFC may treat or prevent the emergence of depression and anxiety disorders. Such efforts may include augmenting or personalizing evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapeutic strategies for individuals with or at-risk for heightened ADS.

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Section: Revised Manuscript (Clean Version)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Curiosity helps: Growth in need for cognition bidirectionally predicts future reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms across 10 years

Zainal

Newman

2022

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…It proposes that the experience of having suffered from depression leaves “scars” in individuals that have a lasting effect on psychological resources, such as self-esteem, self-efficacy and resilience. The model suggests that a decrease in positive attributes is a consequence of experiencing mental health problems, such as depressive symptoms [ 32 ]. Previous studies have demonstrated that depressive symptoms could affect an adolescent’s cognitive, affective and behavioral functioning development and could lead to low psychological resources, such as self-esteem, resilience, and social competence [ 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Positive Youth Development and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Early Adolescents: A Three-Year Cross-Lagged Analysis

Chi

Liu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Based on the development assets theory and the scar model, the present study examined the relationship between positive youth development (PYD) and depressive symptoms among Chinese early adolescents using a three-year longitudinal study design. Data from three waves were collected from 1301 students (Mean age = 12.46, SD = 0.63 years and 51.2% boys at wave 1) across the junior high school period (Grades 7–9). All participants completed a questionnaire that included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale (CPYD) once a year over three years. After controlling for age and gender, this study found that PYD significantly predicted subsequent depressive symptoms. However, depressive symptoms did not significantly predict subsequent PYD. The results indicated a unidirectional relationship between PYD and depressive symptoms, where a reduction in PYD may increase subsequent depressive symptoms, though not vice versa. Besides, the negative cross-sectional correlation between PYD and depressive symptoms remains significant and stable from first year (T1) to third year (T3). These findings suggest that promoting PYD may be a promising approach to preventing/reducing adolescent depressive symptoms.

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Scar Model

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Curiosity helps: Growth in need for cognition bidirectionally predicts future reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms across 10 years

Curiosity helps: Growth in need for cognition bidirectionally predicts future reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms across 10 years

The Relationship between Positive Youth Development and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Early Adolescents: A Three-Year Cross-Lagged Analysis

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