Scanning tunneling microscopy study of the metal-induced Si(111)3 × 1 reconstruction: evidence for dimerized chain formation

Carpinelli, Joseph M.; Weitering, Hanno H.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(95)00100-x

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…1 did not show up immediately after annealing the sample at 850 K, i.e., they only appear upon cooling the sample close to room temperature. This result agrees well with the previous studies, 2,3 in which the (3ϫ1)→(6ϫ1) phase transition is reported to occur near 500 K. Since the surface has both stable (6ϫ1) and metastable (3ϫ1) phases at 300 K, 20,22 we cooled down the sample to a lower temperature to obtain a more stable surface. Figure 1͑b͒ shows the LEED pattern obtained with E p ϭ58 eV at 100 K. In this LEED pattern, we clearly observe some extra spots that are not present at 300 K. Comparing the LEED pattern shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Identification of the basic structure of the Ag/Si(111)-(6×1)surface: Observation of a low-temperaturec(12×2)phase

et al. 2001

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The surface structure of the so-called Ag/Si͑111͒-(6ϫ1) surface is studied by low-energy electron diffraction ͑LEED͒, high-resolution core-level photoelectron spectroscopy, and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. A c(12ϫ2) phase is observed in LEED after cooling the room-temperature (6ϫ1) phase to 100 K. In the Si 2p core-level spectra, no significant difference is observed between the two surfaces. In the valenceband spectra, five surface states are observed on both the (6ϫ1) and c(12ϫ2) surfaces. None of these surface states crosses the Fermi level. The binding energies and dispersions of the surface states observed on the (6 ϫ1) surface are quite similar to those of the c(12ϫ2) surface. These results indicate that the basic structure of this Ag/Si͑111͒ surface has a c(12ϫ2) periodicity, and that the (6ϫ1) structure results from thermal vibrations of the surface atoms. Moreover, we assign two of the surface states to bonding states between Ag and Si atoms, and one of them to a -bond state.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Moreover, no Fermilevel crossing is observed on either the Ag/Si͑111͒-(6ϫ1) or the Ag/Si͑111͒-c(12ϫ2) surface. This result suggests a completely semiconducting character of the two surfaces, and it agrees well with the STS study 20 in which a gap of 0.9 eV is observed for the Ag/Si͑111͒-(6ϫ1) surface.…”

Section: B Electronic Structuresupporting

confidence: 91%

Identification of the basic structure of the Ag/Si(111)-(6×1)surface: Observation of a low-temperaturec(12×2)phase

et al. 2001

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“…The appearance of the c(12×2)-Ag structure in STM images has strong dependence on the bias voltage polarity, which is similar to those of the 6×1-Ag and the 3×1-Ag structures [22,[24][25][26]. Figure 2 show portions of dual-bias STM images taken at -2.0 V (a) and 2.0 V (b) tip biases, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In the following discussion, we argue the c(12×2)-Ag atomic structure based on those of the 6×1-Ag and 3×1-Ag phases because the STM images can be understood by some modulations of those of the 3×1/6×1 structures. Through various structure models proposed so far for these two phases [13,15,22,24,25], the HCC model is most widely accepted [13], which is illustrated in Fig. 4(a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transition mechanism has also been controversial. The 3×1-to-6×1 transition is proposed to be associated with configuration change of the Si-Ag-Si bonds [13,15] and it is also induced by STM tips at room temperature [22,23]. The recent photoemission spectroscopy study has reported little change in the Si2p core levels during the 6×1-to-c(12×2) transformation, and has proposed that the transition is the orderdisorder type [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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STM observation of the Si(111)-c(12*2)-Ag surface

Miyata

Matsuda

D’Angelo

et al. 2005

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotechnol.

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The Si(111)-c(12×2)-Ag surface phase was observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at 65 K and its atomic structure was analyzed in detail. The phase is the ground-state structure within the framework of 'Honeycomb-Chain Channel' reconstruction, attained through successive phase transitions by cooling from 3×1 (≥ ca. 500 K) and 6×1 phases (≥ ca. 100 K). The transitions are likely order-disorder types with two-step freezing of fluctuation of the Ag atom positions.

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Row structure in metal‐induced Si(111) surface reconstructions

Jin

Sanders

Shao-Hua

et al. 2001

Surface & Interface Analysis

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We demonstrate that quantum size effects play a crucial role in the row structure of metal-induced Si KEYWORDS: models of surface kinetics; quantum effects; surface relaxation and reconstruction; metalsemiconductor interfacesThe reconstruction of the Si(111) surface is a well-known process that has been the subject of numerous experimental and theoretical studies. However, metal-induced reconstruction of Si(111) continues to present theoretical challenges, particularly concerning the coverage-dependent structural arrangements. In such systems a submonolayer of metal atoms is deposited onto the Si(111) surface, resulting in a reconstruction of the Si(111) surface and arrangement of the metal adsorbate into rows of monolayer height.1 -17 Using scanning tunnelling microscopy, these rows are visible and both the height and width of the rows are evident. We introduce here a theoretical model that demonstrates that the quantum size effect plays a crucial role in determining the widths of these rows, and we show that our model provides complete agreement with all recent metal-induced M/Si(111)-3 ð 1 reconstructions (where M D Li, Na, K, Rb, Ag) and Si(111)-4 ð 1-In reconstructions. The quantum size effect has proved to be a crucial element in understanding and modelling the work function, 18 resistivity 19 and stability 20 of metallic thin films, and in the pattern formation of metal-on-metal surfaces. 21 The quantum size effect has proved to be a valuable tool for studying small, confined free-electron systems, and our application to metal-induced reconstruction of Si(111) surfaces represents another success of this approach.

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Scanning tunneling microscopy study of the metal-induced Si(111)3 × 1 reconstruction: evidence for dimerized chain formation

Cited by 37 publications

References 18 publications

Identification of the basic structure of the Ag/Si(111)-(6×1)surface: Observation of a low-temperaturec(12×2)phase

Identification of the basic structure of the Ag/Si(111)-(6×1)surface: Observation of a low-temperaturec(12×2)phase

STM observation of the Si(111)-c(12*2)-Ag surface

Row structure in metal‐induced Si(111) surface reconstructions

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